III. DENIAL AND REVOCATION OF DOCUMENTATION OF U.S. CITIZENSHIP Introduction The Burdens of Proof: A Brief History of Documenting United States Citizens Yemeni-Americans The U.S. Southern Border Proving U.S. Citizenship: Anatomy of a Case Constitutional Rights Conclusion 114 114 116 120 124 137 149 151 IV. POLITICAL ATTACKS ON CITIZENSHIP BY BIRTH IN THE UNITED STATES Background: Jus Soli Citizenship in the United States The American Political Community Impact: What We Stand to Lose Conclusion 153 153 154 158 160 CONCLUSION: THE THIN END OF THE WEDGE 161 ENDNOTES 162 Table of Contents 5