EXECUTIVE SUMMARY BACKGROUND Gaza is experiencing a man-made famine in plain sight. As of August 2025, 100 percent of Gaza’s population faces acute food insecurity, with nearly one in three Gazans projected to face famine conditions by the end of September 2025. The ever-increasing risk of famine in Gaza is a recurring and expanding reality, directly linked to Israel’s policies restricting the entry of aid, alongside a prolonged siege and destruction of agricultural and health systems. While every resident of Gaza faces acute food insecurity, women and girls experience unique risks of hunger and starvation. However, gender-disaggregated data is limited and fragmented, resulting in a lack of cohesive narrative of the worsening situation for women and girls in Gaza. To limit the devastating impact of food insecurity and famine in Gaza, there is an urgent need to understand how women and girls are experiencing, navigating, and affected by this crisis. RESEARCH OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY The objective of this report is to document the gendered impacts of Gaza’s food insecurity and famine crisis and provide actionable evidence for policymakers and humanitarian actors. Drawing from primary and secondary data, the research aimed to understand how women and girls in Gaza experience, navigate, and are disproportionately affected by food insecurity, famine, and the collapse of essential support systems. Data was collected in August 2025 and includes: • Secondary data from UN agencies, IPC assessments, and humanitarian reports. • Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) with 13 humanitarian staff, prioritizing women respondents and participants with recent, first-hand experience in Gaza. • Eight testimonies from displaced women in Gaza, reflecting diverse profiles, including widows, women with disabilities, pregnant women, mothers, and young women. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Interviews were audiorecorded and transcribed into English for analysis. Due to security and safety concerns, all data was anonymized prior to analysis. Data analysis was inductive, using thematic coding with triangulation of findings. 2