Vol. 15, Iss. 2
Northeastern University Law Review
367
statelessness, including interpretations of the definition of statelessness
from the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons
and applications of international human rights law to stateless people.14
Second, academic and advocacy publications describe the situations of
stateless people and possible legislative solutions in the United States.15
14
15
See, e.g., Laura van Waas, Nationality Matters, Sch. of Hum. Rts. Rsch. Series, Vol.
29 (2008); Alice Edwards & Laura van Waas, Nationality and Statelessness under
International Law, American J. of Int’l L. (2014); Betsy L. Fisher, “The Operation
of Law” in Statelessness Determinations under the 1954 Statelessness Convention, 33
Wis. Int’l L.J. 254, 268–70 (2015) [hereinafter Fisher, Operation of Law]; Carol
Batchelor, Stateless Persons: Some Gaps in International Protection, 7 Int’l J. Refugee
L. 232 (1995). Other studies address the intersection of statelessness with
international refugee law, assessing the ways that an asylum seeker’s statelessness
can impact their asylum claim. Michelle Foster & Hélène Lambert, International
Refugee Law and the Protection of Stateless Persons (2019); Alfred M. Boll,
Nationality and Statelessness in the International Law of Refugee Status, 31 Int’l J.
Refugee L. 169 (2019) (reviewing Eric Fripp, Nationality and Statelessness in
the International Law of Refugee Status (2016)). Finally, others focus on the
implementation of statelessness determinations within specific jurisdictions or
analyze states’ nationality laws to identify gaps that can lead to statelessness. See,
e.g., Katia Bianchini, Protecting Stateless Persons: The Implementation of the
Convention Relating to the Status on Stateless Persons Across EU States
(2018); Inst. on Statelessness and Inclusion & Glob. Citizenship Observatory,
Instrumentalising Citizenship in the Fight Against Terrorism, Inst. on Statelessness
& Inclusion (Mar. 2022), https://files.institutesi.org/Instrumentalising_
Citizenship_Global_Trends_Report.pdf; Betsy L. Fisher, Gender Discrimination
and Statelessness in the Gulf Cooperation Council States, 23 Mich. J. Gender & L. 269
(2016) [hereinafter Fisher, Gender Discrimination].
See Ctr. for Migration Stud., supra note 6; U.N. High Comm’r for Refugees
[hereinafter UNHCR] & Open Soc’y Just. Initiative, Citizens of Nowhere: Solutions for
the Stateless in the U.S., Just. Initiative (2012), https://www.justiceinitiative.org/
uploads/26d69dde-2d4d-4617-9da9-e57b8cf30af7/citizens-of-nowhere-solutionsfor-the-stateless-in-the-us-20121213.pdf [hereinafter Citizens of Nowhere]; UNHCR,
Representing Stateless Persons Before U.S. Immigration Authorities, UNHCR (2017),
https://www.refworld.org/pdfid/59a5898c4.pdf [hereinafter Representing
Stateless Persons]. Other articles address how statelessness impacts claims in the
U.S. asylum system. See Maryellen Fullerton, The Intersection of Statelessness and
Refugee Protection in U.S. Asylum Policy, 2 J. On Migration & Hum. Sec. 144 (2014);
Stewart E. Forbes, “Imagine There’s No Country”: Statelessness as Persecution in Light
of Haile II, 61 Buff. L. Rev. 699 (2013); Eileen Kaufman, Shelter from the Storm: An
Analysis of U.S. Refugee Law as Applied to Tibetans Formerly Residing in India, 23 Geo.
Immigr. L.J. 497 (2008–2009). Finally, a handful of articles propose and evaluate
legislative solutions for stateless people in the United States. David Baluarte, Life
after Limbo: Stateless Persons in the United States and the Role of International Protection
in Achieving a Legal Solution, 29 Geo. Immigr. L.J. 351 (2015); Asako Ejima, Ghosts
in America: Working Towards Building a Legal Framework for Stateless Individuals in
the United States, 53 Case W. Res. J. Int’l L. 357 (2021); Polly J. Price, Stateless in the
United States: Current Reality and a Future Prediction, 46 Vand. J. Transnat’l l. 443