CITIZENSHIP LAW IN AFRICA The first edition of this book was published at the same time as my Struggles for Citizenship in Africa (Zed Books, 2009), which gathered case studies of the practice of statelessness and citizenship discrimination in Botswana, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mauritania, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe and elsewhere. This text draws on the information in Struggles for Citizenship in Africa, as well as on several subsequent publications, including Statelessness in Southern Africa, a briefing paper for a UNHCR Regional Conference on Statelessness in Southern Africa in November 2011, and Nationality, Migration and Statelessness in West Africa, UNHCR and IOM, 2015. The tables and information in the first edition of the report were also updated for use by the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights in its study on The Right to Nationality in Africa adopted in May 2014. The genesis of this report lay in information collected as part of a 14-country “Africa citizenship audit” initiated by Chidi Odinkalu and Julia Harrington of the Open Society Justice Initiative working with the Africa foundations in the Open Society Foundations network. Information on this survey and its participants is available at the website of the Open Society Justice Initiative.1 A group of nationality experts and advocates met in London on 20 February 2009 to discuss the recommendations for this report. Those who attended the meeting were: Adrian Berry, Chaloka Beyani, Brad Blitz, Deirdre Clancy, Jim Goldston, René de Groot, Julia Harrington, Adam Hussein, Khoti Kamanga, Ibrahima Kane, Mark Manly, Dismas Nkunda, Chidi Odinkalu, Louise Olivier, Gaye Sowe, Souleymane Sagna, Ozias Tungwarara and Patrick Weil. Abdelsalam Hassan Abdelsalam, Jorunn Brandvoll, Laurie Fransman, Susin Park, Santhosh Persaud and Laura van Waas also provided input on the recommendations. While most of the rest of the book has been revised since 2009, the recommendations remain unchanged. Thanks to all my colleagues at the Open Society Foundations for their support and guidance over many years of working on these issues. Bronwen Manby January 2016 1 https://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/publications/africa-discrimination-and-citizenship-audit-report vi