racial minorities. Within the UK, for example, “people of colour,” are 12 times more likely to be at risk of citizenship deprivation than their white counterparts.70 70 Reprieve and Runnymede, Stripped: The Citizenship Divide, December 2025. Analysis reveals three in five people from non-white ethnic minorities are likely to be eligible, compared with just one in 20 people categorised as white. This is an increase from a 2021 study (British citizenship of six million people could be jeopardised by Home Office plans - New Statesman); where two in five people from non-white ethnic minorities (41%) were likely to be eligible, compared with just one in 20 people categorised as white (5%); See also Institute of Race Relations, 'Citizenship from Right to Privilege: a background paper on the history of citizenship stripping powers.’ 11

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