percent of the participants were female, 67 percent had no education, 57 percent were farmers, and the participants had a median monthly income of US$93. Main findings: • There are various ways in which stigma affects the lives of stateless people. They find it difficult to request assistance and assert themselves (e.g. in a healthcare setting) because they fear mistreatment or drawing attention to themselves. They experience unequal treatment and are treated more poorly than Thai citizens and other hill tribe people who have acquired Thai IDs. They feel that they have limited options for improving their lives. • Avoidance, trying to get a Thai ID, and practicing speaking Thai are ways in which stateless people cope with stigma. The stateless population reported several approaches to handling stigma, mainly by avoidance, for example not traveling outside their village, not talking with people with whom they are not familiar and keeping track of events that could result in exposure. Trying to get a Thai ID and practicing speaking Thai were other strategies employed to cope with stigma. • Participants expressed their single goal of obtaining a Thai ID to help them overcome problems of stigma. Improving official statistics on stateless people: Challenges, solutions, and the road ahead Marya Strode and Melanie Khanna Statistical Journal of the IAOS, Volume 37, Issue 4 (2021), Pages 1087-1101 https://content.iospress.com/articles/statistical-journal-of-the-iaos/sji210878 This summary is part of a series of summaries of articles on statelessness. The quantitative literature on stateless population is very limited. We include these summaries in our Literature Review Updates and Database to highlight research on statelessness and the need to collect more data to facilitate analytical studies on the related issues. This article discusses the statistical challenges associated with improving data on statelessness and proposes a path towards the adoption of the International Recommendations on Statelessness Statistics (IROSS) in 2023. 1 Work on the IROSS was included under the umbrella of the Expert Group on Refugee and IDP Statistics (EGRIS) in November 2020. 1 More information on IROSS can be found here. 6