program.102 The eligibility and registration program maintains historical records of refugees to determine registration and eligibility for UNRWA services. Registration cards are updated regularly, mainly with information regarding births, marriages and deaths. In general, UNRWA registration records do not include: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Refugees displaced in 1948, who: a. Failed to meet UNRWA's definition of “Palestine Refugee;” b. Were outside the areas of UNRWA operation (and have not filed for registration under UNRWA’s 1993 revised eligibility criteria); c. Were dropped from the records owing to financial constraints limiting the number of relief recipients; d. Are descendants of refugee mothers and non-refugee fathers; e. Had an independent income or property (and have not filed for registration under UNRWA’s 1993 revised eligibility criteria); f. Improved their economic situation to the extent that they no longer met eligibility criteria (prior to the 1993 revision of eligibility criteria); g. Refused to register for reasons of pride. Palestinians displaced for the first time in 1967; Palestinians who are not 1948 or 1967 refugees, and are unable (due to revocation of residency, deportation, etc.) or unwilling (owing to a wellfounded fear of persecution) to return to the oPt; Palestinians registered in UNHCR records who have never been registered with UNRWA or were dropped from the Agency records; IDPs in Israel and the oPt. According to UNHCR, Palestinians who are neither “Palestine refugees” nor Palestinian “displaced persons,” but who, “owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, are outside the Palestinian territory occupied by Israel since 1967 and are unable or, owing to such fear, are unwilling to return there, qualify as refugees under Article 1A(2) of the 1951 Convention.”103 Such persons do not fall within the scope of other UN “organs or agencies” such as UNRWA and 102 16 Original registration was carried out by the International Committee of the Red Cross, the League of Red Crescent Societies and (in the Gaza Strip) by the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC). During 1950–51, UNRWA carried out a census in all areas of operations, excluding the Gaza Strip, where it relied on AFSC records. UNRWA registration includes an individual registration number, a family registration number, and a family code that links the computerized demographic data in the family registration number sheet with the non-computerized data in the family files. The latter includes birth, marriage, and death certificates and a limited number of property deeds. For more information, see Salīm Tamārī and Elia T. Zureik, Reinterpreting the Historical Record: The Uses of Palestinian Refugee Archives for Social Science Research and Policy Analysis (Jerusalem: Institute for Jerusalem Studies, 2001). 103 UNHCR, “Revised Note on the Applicability of Article 1D of the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees to Palestinian Refugees,” October 2009, para. 5, http://www.refworld.org/ docid/4add77d42.html. Handbook on Protection of Palestinian Refugees