Up Country Tamils: Charting a New Future in Sri Lanka different due to institutional environment, working, norms, attitudes, citizenship practices and behaviour. The chapter also examines the limitations in accessing governance structures and social rights in an ethnically stratified context of Sri Lanka. The first part of the chapter provides the introduction and design of the paper followed by theoretical standpoints on the quality of government, whilst the second part analyses the empirical evidence, with a view to finding the relationship between access to governance, institutional variables, and quality of government and their influence on one another. The third part presents the conclusions, contribution, and implications of the study. Methodology This chapter is an output of a qualitative study carried out in Nuwara Eliya, Kandy, and Badulla districts between 2015 and 2016 for a period of eight months. The study was conducted as part of a PhD project titled “Citizenship rights, public service delivery and the quality of government in Sri Lanka”, and my focus here is to present and analyse the qualitative data collected from purposively selected 54 respondents. The study areas and public institutions were selected in consultation with local leaders, civil society activists, and the public, along with access to data and geographical accessibility. Thus, I selected the following public institutions from central and remote locations to learn about the accessibility of public services, and the quality of institutions and services: District and Divisional Secretariat Divisions, Grama Niladharis, police, agriculture, hospitals, Education department, Samurdhi Office/Bank and Ceylon Electricity Board. I collected 26