The methodology used in this round of the Survey (as in the previous two ones) looks at several indicators that may contribute to statelessness, namely lack of birth certificate, lack of citizenship, and lack of personal identity cards (for those aged 16+). This round also added the indicator of inability to register their permanent residence. As such, a person at risk of statelessness is deemed to be anyone lacking at least one of these elements (birth registration, confirmed citizenship, registered permanent residence, and personal identity card). The term ‘legally invisible person’ denotes an individual who has no birth registration and is therefore not recognised by the legal system as a subject of law and is ‘invisible’ to the legal order as a consequence. As legally invisible individuals have no birth registration, it follows that they also lack the remaining three elements. 3. OVERVIEW OF QUANTITATIVE FINDINGS As part of this research, and in addition to conducting a qualitative survey using in-depth interviews, CeSID also undertook a quantitative survey on a sample of 1,807 households living in informal settlements throughout Serbia, excluding Kosovo and Metohija. The key aim of the study was to determine, as precisely as possible, the number of persons at risk of statelessness in Serbia, as well as to identify the manifestations of statelessness amongst populations living in informal settlements in the country. The study also ought to provide an overview of progress since the previous survey round. In addition, the findings of the survey have allowed: a) development of a profile of individuals at risk of statelessness, including their home region and sociodemographic data such as gender, age, educational attainment, and employment; and b) greater insight into the reasons why the respondents at risk of statelessness lack personal documents, and the reasons that can lead to this outcome in the future. 3.1 Notes on the methodology and survey arrangements This survey, which looked at persons at risk of statelessness in Serbia to provide a progress report and recommendations, was conducted using quantitative methodology with face-to-face interviews on a representative sample of the population of informal settlements in Serbia. The Survey covered 56 municipalities and towns throughout Serbia with a larger proportion of the Roma population than the national average according to the 2011 census. A total of 117 informal settlements were sampled in these local authority areas, where 1,807 households were selected at random. The interviewers spoke to the head of each household and members aged 14+ who were missing a personal PERSONS AT RISK OF STATELESSNESS IN SERBIA OVERVIEW OF CURRENT SITUATION AND THE WAY FORWARD 11