military. They primarily speak the Rakhine language and are known for their extreme cruelty. Unlike the military, the AA does not attempt to communicate in a civil manner; instead, they resort to verbal abuse and physical violence. During the attack on our village, the AA carried out numerous atrocities. They executed at least five people by gunfire and subjected many women and girls to sexual violence said Haroon (Name changed). Additionally, they abducted several villagers, whose fate remains unknown to this day. Their families have received no information about their whereabouts or condition, leaving them in a state of endless fear and despair. The AA’s activities in my area were devastating. They destroyed and burned down numerous houses, forcefully displaced villagers, and dug defensive positions in preparation for combat against the military. Their actions left our community in ruins. Beyond direct violence against individuals, the AA committed large-scale destruction in our region. I personally witnessed them set fire to three villages in our union, reducing approximately 800 houses to ashes. They also targeted places of worship and education, burning down eight mosques and four madrasas. The village market, a crucial source of livelihood for many, was completely destroyed, leaving the community without access to food and basic necessities. The escalation of conflict between the Myanmar military and the AA led to direct attacks on civilian settlements. Yahaya recounts an incident in August 2024, when the AA positioned itself in his village, prompting the military to launch missile attacks. As a result, his father and two other villagers were killed, while his brother sustained gunshot wounds. Approximately 10 to 12 Rohingya homes were completely destroyed. Such incidents demonstrate how the Rohingya community is caught in the crossfire of the conflict, with both the AA and the military showing 38

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