35. Vonk, op. cit., 8; Laura Van Wass, Nationality Matters: Statelessness under International Law, 61, available at: http://stichtingros.nl/site/kennis/files/Onderzoek%20statenloosheid%20Laura%20 van%20Waas.pdf. 36. Becker, op. cit. 37. Jo Shaw and Igir Sticks (eds.), Citizenship Rights (Ashgate, 2013), xiii. 38. Iseult Honohan, “The Theory and Politics of Ius Soli,” Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, European University Institute (June 2010): 3. See also, C. Joppke, “Comparative Citizenship: A Restrictive Turn in Europe?,” Law and Ethics of Human Rights 2, no. 1 (2008): 1–41. 39. Ibid., 521–23. 40. Becker, op. cit. 41. Institute on Statelessness and Inclusion, op. cit., 46; see also Robert Brill and Wendy Hunter, “Documents, Please”: Welfare State Extensions and Advances in Birth Certification in the Developing World, July 18, 2014, available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2468204 or http://dx.doi. org/10.2139/ssrn.2468204. 42. Becker, op. cit. 43. Marc Morjé Howard, op. cit., 50. 44. José Del Pozo, Historia de América Latina y del Caribe 1825–2001 (LOM Ediciones, 2002), 11–12, 42. 45. Ibid., 11–12, 9–12. Gabriel Echeverria, “Report on Citizenship Law: Chile,” Series/Report no.: EUDO Citizenship Observatory; 2016/02, 2, available at: http://cadmus.eui.eu/bitstream/ handle/1814/40849/EUDO_CIT_CR_2016_07.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. 46. Del Pozo, op. cit., 42. 47. Ibid., 4. See also, Rafael Gaune, Historia del Racismo y Discriminación en Chile, UQBAR editores, Santiago, Chile, 2009. 48. See also, Inter-American Commission of Human Rights website, available at: http://www. oas.org/en/iachr/mandate/what.asp. 49. See also, Inter-American Court of Human Rights website, available at: http://www.corteidh. or.cr/index.php/en/about-us/historia-de-la-corteidh. 50. Organization of American States, “American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man,” Adopted by the Ninth International Conference of American States, Bogotá, Colombia, 1948, available at: www.cidh.oas.org/Basicos/English/Basic2.American%20Declaration.htm. 51. Article 15.2, “No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.” United Nations General Assembly, Resolution 217 A, Universal Declaration of Human Rights, December 10, 1948, available at: http://www.un.org/en/universal-declarationhuman-rights/. 52. Fabián Salvioli, “El aporte de la Declaración Americana de 1948 para la protección internacional de los derechos humanos.” Memoria del seminario sobre El Sistema Interamericano de Protección de los Derechos Humanos en el Umbral del Siglo XXI, Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, San José de Costa Rica (2003). 92 ENDNOTES