286. Constitution of the Republic of Colombia, Title 3, chapter 1, http://www.constitucioncolombia.com/titulo-3/capitulo-1. 287. Ley 43 de 1993, February 1, 1993, available at: https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/sites/default/ files/Normograma/docs/ley_0043_1993.htm. 288. Acto Legislativo 1/2002, available at: http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/sisjur/normas/ Norma1.jsp?i=4574. 289. Text in Spanish: “El domicilio consiste en la residencia acompañada, real o presuntivamente, del ánimo de permanecer en ella.” 290. Consejo de Estado, Decision No. 1653, June 30, 2005, available: at http://www.refworld.org/ pdfid/532bf85d4.pdf. 291. See more on the Civil Registry Office of Colombia at: http://www.registraduria.gov.co/Quienes-somos-.html. 292. The National Civil Registry is an autonomous organ, but its competences are limited to collecting, storing, and certifying the information related to vital statistics and identity of citizens and persons born in the Colombian territory. However, the competent authority for all nationality matters is the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Accordingly, the National Civil Registry must follow the interpretation of the Ministry of Affairs in relation to which documents serve as proof of domicile in the Colombian territory for the purposes of recording and certifying information of nationality in birth certificates. 293. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Colombia concepto número S-GNC 15-016796, February 24, 2015. 294. http://www.cancilleria.gov.co/juridicainternacional/nacionalidad. 295. Article 3 of Law 43 of 1993 modified by Law 962 of 2005, http://www.alcaldiabogota.gov.co/ sisjur/normas/Norma1.jsp?i=17004. 296. Article 2, subsection 3 of Law 43 of 1993 states: “Domicile is the residence in Colombia accompanied by the intention to remain in the country in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Civil Code.” Article 80 of the Civil Code, enacted in 1887, establishes the presumption of the intention to reside in the following terms: “The intention to reside and settle is presumed by the fact of opening a store, pharmacy, factory, workshop, inn, school or another durable establishment, to administer in person; by the fact to accept in said place a fixed employment of the type that is regularly conferred for a long time; and by other analogous circumstances.” Text in Spanish: “El domicilio consiste en la residencia acompañada, real o presuntivamente, del ánimo de permanecer en ella.” 297. http://www.refworld.org/pdfid/53070ec74.pdf. 298. Local and municipal governments assist the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in administering exams on Spanish proficiency and on the constitution, history, and geography of Colombia. 299. For more on the Chilean nationality legal framework, see Olivier W. Vonk, Nationality Law In the Western Hemisphere: A Study On Grounds for Acquisition and Loss of Citizenship In the Americas and the Caribbean (Martinus Nijhoff , 2014), 160–63, and European Union Democracy Observatory on Citizenship Country profile for Colombia: http://www.opensocietyfoundations.org/projects/ statelessness. BORN IN THE AMERICAS 111