Committee on the Rights of the Child urged Togo to: (a) adopt the decrees and measures contained in the law on the organization of the civil registry system concerning birth registration, and provide adequate resources for its implementation; (b) increase the number of birth registration facilities, including mobile birth registration units, at the local, community and village levels; (c) urgently enforce the provisions of the law relating to the organization of the civil registry system in order to regulate and reduce the costs of birth certificates; (d) conduct awareness-raising campaigns, with the active support of community leaders, to promote birth registration for all children; and (e) guarantee that children without a birth certificate are not deprived of access to education, health care and other social services.16 Further, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women encouraged Togo to: (a) amend its Code of Nationality to grant women equal rights with men regarding the retention of the Togolese nationality in case of divorce (art. 23.3) and the transmission of the Togolese nationality to their children (art. 1) or to their spouses of foreign nationality (art. 5); and (b) consider acceding to the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.17 Togo’s International Obligations 14. Togo has international obligations to protect the right to a nationality and protect the rights of stateless persons on the basis of UN and regional treaties to which it is a party. These include the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) (see Article 24.3), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) (see Articles 2.2 and 3), the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (see Articles 2, 3, 7 and 8), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination (CEDAW) (see Article 9), the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination (CERD) (see Article 5(d)(iii)), the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) (see Article 18) and the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (CMW) (see Article 29). 18 Furthermore, the right to a nationality is protected in Article 15 of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights. 15. Togo is also a member State of the African Union. It has ratified the 1981 African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights (see Articles 2, 6 and 12), the 1969 OAU Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, the 2009 AU Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention), the 1998 Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights on the Establishment of an African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights. In particular, Togo is a party to the 2003 Protocol to the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol), which sets out under Article 2 to combat all forms of discrimination against women and the 1990 African Charter on the 16 CRC/C/TGO/CO/3-4, Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding Observations on the Third and Fourth Periodic Report of Togo, 8 March 2012, para. 40. 17 CEDAW/C/TGO/CO/6-7, Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, Concluding Observations on the Sixth and Seventh Periodic Reports of Togo, 8 November 2012, para. 29. 18 See: https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ParticipationStatus.aspx?clang=_en. 4