Statelessness in the Kyrgyz Republic: Prevention, Reduction and Protection Table of Contents UN Treaties and Conventions................................................................................... 47 Introduction................................................................................................................ 48 Definition of Terms .................................................................................................... 49 Methodology .............................................................................................................. 50 1. FAVOURABLE PROTECTION ENVIRONMENT .................................................... 49 1.1 Demographic profile 1.2 Reasons for statelessness 1.3 Identification of statelessness 1.4 International and regional instruments 1.5 National legal framework 1.6 Definition of a stateless person 1.7 National administrative framework 1.8 Partnerships 1.9 Relationship between government and UNHCR 1.10 National and regional development policies 1.11 Public attitudes towards stateless persons 2. PREVENTION AND REDUCTION OF STATELESSNESS ..................................... 60 2.1 Prevention and reduction of statelessness due to state succession 2.2 Comprehensive strategies to prevent and reduce statelessness 2.3 Prevention of statelessness through acquisition of citizenship 2.4 Reduction of statelessness through acquisition of citizenship 2.5 Renunciation 2.6 Loss and deprivation 2.7 Exercise of nationality in practice 3. FAIR PROTECTION PROCESSES AND DOCUMENTATION ................................ 71 3.1 Procedures for the determination of stateless status 3.2 Fair and efficient status determination and the residence status 3.3 Individual documentation 3.4 Civil documentation 3.5 Travel documents 4. SECURITY FROM VIOLENCE AND EXPLOITATION ............................................ 74 4.1 Law enforcement 4.2 Sexual and gender-based violence 4.3 Protection of children 4.4 Freedom of movement, including right to return 4.5 Detention 4.6 Access to legal remedies 4.7 Expulsion 5. BASIC NEEDS AND ESSENTIAL SERVICES ....................................................... 77 5.1 Food security and nutrition and water and sanitation 5.2 Housing 5.3 Healthcare 5.4 Education 6. COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION, SELF-MANAGEMENT AND SELF-RELIANCE.. 78 Conclusion ................................................................................................................. 79 47 Small Changes ‫ ـ‬Big Gains: An Action Plan to Prevent and Reduce Statelessness in the Kyrgyz Republic