     Kyaw shows that ‘the fate of Rohingyas is deeply implicated in the vagaries of the political trajectory of Myanmar’ and, as such, identifies a positive ‘Rohingya moment’ that has emerged just ‘at a time when Myanmar again finds itself in an unprecedented political, social and humanitarian crisis after the coup’. De Chickera and Mohammed, in Chapter 12, engage critically with two dominant frameworks frequently mobilized in policies and programmes addressing statelessness, namely the human rights and development frameworks. These are most prominently articulated in international human rights law and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically SDG 16.9 which aims to provide ‘legal identity for all’ by 2030. While alignment between both frameworks is necessary to address statelessness, the authors emphasize that, ‘approaches must be underpinned by a deeper commitment to pursuing equality and combatting discrimination in their many forms – legal, political and societal’. De Chickera and Mohammed explore their argument through the case study of the Hill Country Tamils in Sri Lanka. While often considered a case where statelessness is now ‘resolved’, the authors show that the Hill Country Tamils are still among the ‘furthest behind’ and continue to experience severe discrimination. The authors conclude that ‘the lived reality of this community demonstrates the limits of treating formalized citizenship as the primary means to resolve the consequences of multigenerational statelessness’, without addressing the structural discrimination frequently underlying statelessness. These observations resonate with other cases of ‘resolved’ statelessness in the region, such as the Bihari in Bangladesh.129 Weak identification and civil registration systems, including birth registration, are another factor contributing to statelessness.130 Shortcomings in or exclusion from civil registration expose children to risks of statelessness as many contributions in this volume attest. Such problems particularly affect minorities and remote communities, as well as migrant or refugee populations, highlighting once more the intersectional nature of statelessness. Recognizing the importance of civil registration, states in the region proclaimed, in 2014, the Asia-Pacific Civil Registration and Vital Statistics (CRVS) Decade with the goal of improving civil registration systems by 129 130 Khalid Hussain, ‘The End of Bihari Statelessness’ (2009) 32 Forced Migration Review 30. See Carla Abouzahr et al., ‘Towards a Research Agenda for Civil Registration and Vital Statistics in the Asia-Pacific Region’ (2014) 29(1) Asia-Pacific Population Journal 99. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009399555.003 Published online by Cambridge University Press