election between those promising permanent occupation and those promising permanent occupation who are also corrupt”.129 In practice, when it comes to Palestinians’ fundamental rights, there is no real difference between Israel’s significant political parties and governments or coalitions. All of the dominant Israeli political parties share a unified position on Israel’s policies with regards to colonization, the denial of Palestinians’ right to self-determination and to return, the annexation of Jerusalem as a ‘Jewish capital of Israel’, and the blockade of and attacks on Gaza.130 Naftali Bennett himself was involved in the 1996 Qana Massacre in Lebanon, which murdered 106 civilians, and has boasted that he has “killed lots of Arabs in [his] life and there’s no problem with it”.131 His premiership has been marked by a point-blank refusal to engage in negotiations of any sort with the Palestinian leadership, and a marked increase in settler colonial violence in the West Bank132 and East Jerusalem, with frequent violent invasions of the al-Aqsa Mosque compound by soldiers and Jewish extremists during Ramadan.133 During the last elections, Bennett had vowed to maintain the status quo in regard to the occupation. Based on such positions, some had assumed that colony construction would slow down. The figures instead show that Bennett’s government, despite vowing that it will “neither annex territory nor establish a Palestinian state”,134 brought about an increase in colony construction and planning, as well as tenders, at rates higher than the yearly average during Netanyahu’s 10-year tenure.135 Gantz and Lapid’s recent and deadly military campaign in the West Bank further reveals that there is no difference between dominant Israeli political parties when it comes to dealing with the Palestinian people; all these parties share the common goal of crushing legitimate Palestinian resistance and wiping out Palestinian presence from the land 129 Robert Mackey, ‘Netanyahu Hints Trump Peace Plan Will Allow Israel to Annex Key West Bank Territory’ (The Intercept, 11 September 2019) <https://theintercept.com/2019/09/11/netanyahu-hints-trump-peace-plan-willallow-israel-annex-key-west-bank-territory/> accessed 3 October 2022. 130 For examples of how Israeli politics have consistently been dominated by racist politicians who blatantly support these policies as well as incitements to violence and genocide against the Palestinian people, see IMEU, ‘Fact Sheet: Meet Israel’s New Government’ (IMEU, 15 June 2021) <https://imeu.org/article/fact-sheet-meet-israels-newgovernment>; IMEU, ‘Israel Election Guide 2021’ (IMEU, 19 February 2021) <https://imeu.org/article/israelelection-guide-2021> accessed 3 October 2022. 131 Ali Abuminah, ‘Naftali Bennett and the Qana massacre’ (Electronic Intifada, 8 January 2015) <https://electronicintifada. net/blogs/ali-abunimah/naftali-bennett-and-qana-massacre> accessed 3 October 2022. 132 Middle East Monitor, ‘EU Calls for Protection of Palestinians to Deter Settler Violence’ (Middle East Monitor, 29 March 2022) <https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20220329-eu-calls-for-protection-of-palestinians-to-detersettler-violence/> accessed 3 October 2022. 133 Leila Fadel and Mairav Zonszein, ‘Jerusalem Sees Unrest during Convergence of Passover, Ramadan and Easter’ (NPR, 18 April 2022) <https://www.npr.org/2022/04/18/1093282010/jerusalem-sees-unrest-during-convergenceof-passover-ramadan-and-easter> accessed 3 October 2022. 134 Ramona Wadi, ‘Bennett's rhetoric can't conceal Israel's colonial land grab’ (Middle East Monitor, 27 August 2021) <https://www.middleeastmonitor.com/20210827-bennetts-rhetoric-cant-conceal-israels-colonial-land-grab/> accessed 3 October 2022. 135 Peace Now, ‘The government of unequivocal annexation: Deepening of the settlement project, dispossession and oppression One year of the Israeli government headed by Yair Lapid and Naftali Bennett’ (Peace Now, June 2022) <http://peacenow.org.il/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/settlement-report-Bennett-Lapid-2022-English.pdf> accessed 3 October 2022. 24