van der Straaten, J. (2015). Legal Identity for All by 2030: How will we know? [Position Paper]. Civil Registration Centre for Development—CRC4D. https://www.crc4d.com/downloads/2015-10-legal-identity-for-all-by-2030-how-willwe-know-position-paper.pdf van der Straaten, J. (2019, February 16). Of Democracy, and Elections—In Reverse. On the Exorbitant (Increase in the) Cost of Elections in Africa. Identification in the Era of Automated Decision-making, Cambridge, UK. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332752300_Of_Democracy_and_Electio nsin_Reverse_On_the_Exorbitant_Increase_in_the_Cost_of_Elections_in_Africa_SSRN _Electronic_Journal van der Straaten, J., & Metz, A. Z. (2019). South Africa ID Case Study (No. 137142; Identification for Development Initiative). World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/315081558706143827/South-AfricaID-Case-Study Waugaman, A. (2016). From Principle to Practice: Implementing the Principles for Digital Development. Principles for Digital Development Working Group. https://digitalprinciples.org/ White, O., Madgavkar, A., Manyika, J., Mahajan, D., Bughin, J., McCarthy, M., & Sperling, O. (2019). Digital Identification: A key to inclusive growth. McKinsey Global Institute. https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-digital/ourinsights/digital-identification-a-key-to-inclusive-growth Whitley, E. A. (2018). Trusted digital identity provision: GOV.UK Verify’s federated approach (CGD Policy Paper No. 131). Center for Global Development. https://www.cgdev.org/publication/trusted-digital-identity-provision-gov-uk-verifyfederated-approach Winner, L. (2020). The Whale and the Reactor: A search for limits in an age of high technology (Second edition). University of Chicago Press. World Bank. (n.d.). Glossary: Identification for Development. Identification for Development Initiative. Retrieved 14 April 2020, from https://id4d.worldbank.org/guide/glossary World Bank. (2016). World Development Report 2016: Digital Dividends. World Bank. World Bank. (2018a). Guidelines for ID4D Diagnostics (Identification for Development Initiative). World Bank. https://id4d.worldbank.org/Diagnostic-Guidelines World Bank. (2018b). ID Enabling Environment Assessment: Guidance Note (Identification for Development Initiative). World Bank. https://id4d.worldbank.org/legalassessment World Bank. (2018c). Principles on Identification for Sustainable Development: Toward the Digital Age (Identification for Development Initiative). World Bank. https://id4d.worldbank.org/principles World Bank. (2018d). Understanding Cost Drivers of Identification Systems (Identification for Development Initiative). http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31065 World Bank. (2018e). West Africa Unique Identification for Regional Integration and Inclusion (WURI) Program (Identification for Development Initiative). https://projects.worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P161329 World Bank. (2018f). Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea and ECOWAS Commission—West Africa Unique Identification for Regional Integration and Inclusion Project (WURI) (Project Appraisal Document No. PAD2480; Identification for Development Initiative). 28

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