claims, the Assessment proposes restructuring the agency to satisfy the very actors seeking its dismantlement. In doing so, it not only compromises the agency’s independence—it also capitulates to a framework in which Palestinian political life is criminalized by default, and neutrality is defined by proximity to Israeli political comfort, rather than international law. This is not neutrality; it is colonial compliance.36 The only reason UNRWA should be dismantled is when a durable solution is concluded, including the Palestinian Right of Return. All scenarios reflect a growing trend over the last two decades among Western donors and the Israeli regime to replace UNRWA with fragmented service delivery via other UN agencies and host states37 — bypassing the refugee status tied to UNRWA registration and eroding claims to reparations and return. As the Assessment admits, “UNRWA has emerged as a central target of a concerted effort to delegitimize its role and dismantle its functions.”38 The Assessment’s own recommendations contribute to that goal. What is new is the UN’s formal endorsement of these pathways. By embedding these scenarios into its strategic planning architecture, the UN transforms past service reductions into a permanent institutional blueprint that negates both Resolutions 194 and 302. At the core of the Assessment lies the invocation of “regional stability”—a phrase repeated throughout as justification for preserving UNRWA’s presence. Yet stability here is not defined in terms of international law or 36 BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights. A Critical Analysis of the Biased Review of UNRWA’s Neutrality. 2024. accessed July 23, 2025. https://badil.org/cached_ uploads/view/2024/08/19/pos-paper-unrwa-neutrality-1724051314.pdf. 37 BADIL Resource Center for Palestinian Residency and Refugee Rights. The UN Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) and a Durable Solution for Palestinian Refugees. 2000, accessed July 23, 2025. https://badil.org/cached_uploads/view/2021/04/19/brief-no-6-1618826582.pdf. 38 United Nations. Report to the Secretary-General: UNRWA Strategic Assessment, 2025, 23. 16