A Study of Statelessness in South Sudan - 2017 4 Impact and Mitigation While lack of nationality certification should not be equated with statelessness, both have similar repercussions in the South Sudanese context, leading to the loss of access to basic rights and services, already limited for certified South Sudanese nationals. This final chapter discusses the consequences of lack of nationality certification and statelessness on affected individuals, and considers the role of government and civil society organisations in combating the risk of statelessness and mitigating its negative effects. illustrates rights and services highlighted by research participants as dependent upon nationality documentation. It is clear from this non-exhaustive list that statelessness as well as lack of nationality documentation affect individuals by exposing them to political, economic, and social deprivations. In addition to the limited access to basic rights and services, research participants highlighted that individuals who lack nationality documentation also incur financial costs, such as the “high tax imposed on businessmen who Figure 4. Basic Rights and Services Highlighted in FGDs as Dependent on Nationality Documentation 143 Political · Vote in elections; · Be elected. Economic · · · · Request a loan; Open a bank account; Register a business; Secure legal employment. 4.1 Access to Basic Rights and Services Since a stateless person is not recognised as a national or citizen of any country, they are in practice unable to access many services that require such recognition – in South Sudan this includes, for example, opening a bank account or registering for school, both of which require nationality certificates. The figure below Social · Register land to avoid eviction; · Register sim card; · Bail someone out of prison; · Enrol in school; · Attend national examinations; · Free movement in the country; · Travel abroad. have no [nationality certificate]”, and a migration fee for those who are not considered South Sudanese.144 This latter requirement is a source of anxiety for affected populations. One FGD respondent noted, “If you do not have money to renew your migration ID then you will be arrested”.145 Fear of arrest, or forced eviction from housing, highlights the uncertainty experienced by individuals who lack nationality documentation. FGDs and KIIs in Aweil, Renk, Nimule, and Juba. KII with Falata Community Leader in Renk; FGD with female Dinka and Falata in Renk. 145 FGD with female Dinka and Falata in Renk. 143 144 35