MARCH 24 The U.N. Human Rights Council establishes the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission (FFM) on Myanmar to investigate human rights violations and abuses in Rakhine, Kachin, and Shan states. The Myanmar government refuses to cooperate. NOVEMBER 2016 TO AUGUST 2017 Myanmar authorities increase military presence in northern Rakhine State, systematically train and arm non-Rohingya residents, confiscate sharp and blunt objects from Rohingya civilians, and evict humanitarian agencies, laying the groundwork for genocide and crimes against humanity. AUGUST 24 The government-appointed Advisory Commission on Rakhine State, led by former U.N. Secretary General Kofi Annan, makes 88 recommendations to improve the situation in Rakhine State. 20 17 SEPTEMBER 6 The International Criminal Court (ICC) rules that it may exercise jurisdiction over the alleged deportation of the Rohingya people from Myanmar to Bangladesh. 20 18 AUGUST 25 Rohingya militants, rebranded as the Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA), attack police outposts in northern Rakhine State, reportedly killing 12 officials. The Myanmar military responds, killing thousands of Rohingya civilians throughout northern Rakhine State in a matter of days and razing hundreds of villages. More than 700,000 Rohingya flee to Bangladesh—the fastest refugee outflow since the Rwandan genocide. Rohingya militants also kill and threaten civilians. SEPTEMBER 18 The FFM releases a 444-page report cataloging Myanmar military-led atrocity crimes in Myanmar and calls for the ICC or an international criminal tribunal to investigate and prosecute Myanmar security forces for genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity against Rohingya, Kachin, Shan, and others. AUGUST 5 20 19 The FFM issues a report exposing the Myanmar military’s financial ties, calls for targeted sanctions and arms embargoes. AUGUST 22 The FFM issues a report on rape and sexual violence committed by Myanmar security forces with genocidal intent. Bangladesh and Myanmar governments announce “repatriations” of Rohingya refugees will begin August 22. No Rohingya were consulted, and as of the time of writing, none have returned to Myanmar under the plan.