S TAT E L E S S B Y D E C R E E Endnotes 41. UK Government - Home Office - Upper Tribunal - Immigration and Asylum Chamber Kuwait CG / country guidance [2013] UKUT 00356(IAC), NM - documented/undocumented Bidoon: risk, published 24 July 2013, https://tribunalsdecisions.service.gov.uk/utiac/38984 , accessed 20 December 2025 42. Aziz Abu-Hamad / Human Rights Watch - The Bidoons of Kuwait / Citizens without Citizenship, August 1995, https://www.hrw.org/reports/1995/Kuwait.htm , accessed 27 December 2025 43. In relation to 116/2024, see Arghaam - Amendment to the Nationality Law, 24 December 2024, https://www.argaam.com/ar/article/articledetail/id/1777940 and in relation to 158/2024, see Times (Kuwait) - Decree issued amending Article (16) of Kuwaiti nationality law, 31 December 2024, https://timeskuwait.com/decree-issued-amending-article-16-ofkuwaiti-nationality-law/ , accessed 20 December 2025 44. In Kuwait, the age of majority/suffrage is 21. 45. According to the Civil Code, while both men and women can marry at the age of 18, for the purposes of financial guardianship, or full autonomy in financial matters, it is 21. 46. Decree Law 116/2024 repealed the option of discretionary naturalisation of (5.2) a person born to a Kuwaiti mother and divorced or deceased, non-Kuwaiti father who has maintained residence in Kuwait upon reaching majority; and (5.3) being an Arab, continuously resident in Kuwait since 1945 to the time of the decree; (5.4) birth and continual residence in Kuwait prior to 1930 in the case of a non-Arab. 47. Decree Law 116/2024 repealed, in Article 7, the optional naturalisation of a non-Kuwaiti wife where her non-Kuwaiti husband, himself, is naturalised and the automatic consideration as Kuwaiti of their children, with an express opt out for another nationality within a year a�er reaching majority. 48. Arghaam - Amendment to the Nationality Law, 24 December 2024, https://www.argaam. com/ar/article/articledetail/id/1777940 accessed 23 December 2025 49. The points set out in this section are derived from: Arghaam - Amendment to the Nationality Law, 24 December 2024, https://www.argaam.com/ar/article/articledetail/id/ 1777940 accessed 23 December 2025. See also Kuwait News Agency (KUNA). Kuwait Gazette Publishes Decree-Into-Law Regarding Citizenship, 23 December 2024. https://www.kuna. net.kw/ArticleDetails.aspx?id=3212164&language=en# accessed 2 June 2025 50. Arghaam - Or: Amendment to the Nationality Law, 24 December 2024, https://www. argaam.com/ar/article/articledetail/id/1777940 accessed 23 December 2025, accessed 24 December 2025. 51. While the Nationality Law as of December 2024 addressed the same thematic areas, the December 2024 amendments applied revocation of nationality to dependents in all subclauses and removed the 15 year limit previously applied in 13.2. 77