1990s suggest between 50,000 to 80,000 of the 180,000 East Jerusalem Palestinian inhabitants had moved to suburbs outside of the municipal boundaries.45 Conversely, Jewish Israelis face no such complication, with those living illegally under international law in the numerous settlements deemed to be residing within the suburbs of Jerusalem. In contrast to the precarious status of Palestinians with Jerusalem residency, the Foundation for Middle East Peace reports that a large number of Jewish Israelis have dual nationality, including an estimated 500,000 Israelis holding US passports.46 As a result of a petition to the Israeli High Court by several human rights organizations in the 2000s, the then Minister of Interior, Natan Sharansky, announced that he would cancel the Center of Life policy and resume the more ‘relaxed’ pre-1995 policy.47 Initially, residency revocations in Jerusalem dropped, however data shows that the policy of revoking residency never stopped. Rather, the rate of residency revocation increased dramatically in 2006 with 1,363 cases of East Jerusalem individuals having their residency revoked, and in 2008 with 4,577 revocations, including 99 children. Half of the revocations between 1967 and 2008 occurred between 2006 and 2008 alone.48 Palestinian citizens of Israel The Nationality Law (Amendment No. 9) (Authority for Revoking Citizenship) allows Israel to revoke citizenship on the grounds of a breach of allegiance to the State.49 Over the years, Israel launched proceedings to revoke the citizenship of several Palestinian citizens whose residence in states defined as “enemies” was considered to constitute a “breach of trust.”50 While Israel 45 ARIJ, Environmental Profile for the West Bank (Jerusalem: ARIJ - Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem, October 1996), http://www.arij.org/files/admin/1996-3_Environmantal_Profiles_for_the_West_ Bank_Volume_6_Jerusalem_District.pdf. 46 Franklin Lamb, “Israelis Rush for Second Passports,” Counter Punch, June 3, 2011, http://www. counterpunch.org/2011/06/03/israelis-rush-for-second-passports/. 47 OCHA, Special Focus: East Jerusalem Key Humanitarian Concerns, 15. 48 HaMoked, Written Submission for Consideration Regarding Israel’s Third Periodic Report to the UN Human Rights Committee (HaMoked - Center for the Defence of the Individual, July 2010), 3, http:// www2.ohchr.org/english/bodies/hrc/docs/ngos/Hamoked_Israel99.pdf. 49 “Breach of trust” is defined very broadly and includes the act of residing in one of nine Arab and Muslim states or Gaza. The law allows for the revocation of citizenship for breach of trust without requiring a criminal conviction for this action. The law also allows for a discussion of a request to revoke citizenship in the absence of the citizen who is the subject of this revocation request as well as allowing for the use of secret evidence in proceedings. Haneen Na’amnih, “New Anti-Arab Legislation,” Adalah Newsletter, July 2008. 50 Jack Khoury, “State Begins to Revoke Four Israeli Arabs’ Citizenship,” Haaretz, accessed March 31, 2014, http://www.haaretz.com/print-edition/news/state-begins-to-revoke-four-israeli-arabscitizenship-1.275448; Also see: Rebecca Anna Stoil, “Arab MKs Slam Yishai for Seeking Power to Cancel Citizenship,” Jerusalem Post, June 6, 2009, http://www.jpost.com/Israel/Arab-MKs-slamYishai-for-seeking-power-to-cancel-citizenship. 25