Chapter 3 Figure 17 | IDPs protected/assisted by UNHCR by region | 2015 – 2024 (end-year) Number of people 60M 40M 20M 0M 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 Europe Americas Southern Africa Asia and the Pacific Middle East and North Africa West and Central Africa Key changes in internal displacement by country In Sudan, the conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces and the Rapid Support Forces persisted throughout 2024, driving large-scale displacement across the country. More than 3.5 million people were newly displaced during the year, primarily due to intensified fighting in North Darfur as well as clashes in Sennar and Al Jazirah states. Many sought safety in Gedaref and River Nile States as well as in locations across Darfur. By the end of 2024, the total number of IDPs in Sudan has risen to 11.6 million, an increase of 28 per cent. Sudan therefore continued to be the largest internally displaced population globally.154 The conflict continues to affect civilians, with many displaced several times in 2025. In April alone, heightened insecurity forced more than three-quarters of the estimated 406,300 people hosted in Zamzam IDP camp in North Darfur to flee once again to other areas of Darfur or to cross into neighbouring Chad.155 During 2024, 3.1 million people fled clashes between non-state armed groups and the armed forces in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2023 2024 East and Horn of Africa, and Great Lakes most notably in the regions of North Kivu, South Kivu and Ituri. Many of those forced to flee have been displaced several times. At the end of 2024, the number of people remaining displaced within the country stood at more than 6.9 million people, 11 per cent more than at end-2023. In September 2024, the war between Hezbollah and Israeli forces escalated with indiscriminate and large-scale airstrikes across Lebanon. Nearly a million civilians (984,500) were displaced within weeks. In November, a ceasefire was agreed and most people were able to return, leaving 123,800 internally displaced at end-2024. In 2025, despite ceasefire breaches, widespread violence has not resumed and by the end of April 2025, the number of people remaining internally displaced had decreased to around 90,000 as more people returned.156 In Haiti, gang violence and political instability resulted in widespread human rights abuses and aggravated the already dire humanitarian situation. The situation deteriorated further in 2024, with 723,600 people displaced within the country during the year. The number of IDPs tripled from 313,900 at the end of 2023 to more than one million a year later. The 154 See Two Years of Conflict in Sudan: Visualizing the World’s Largest Displacement Crisis, IOM. 155 See DTM Sudan Focused Flash Alert: Al Fasher (Zamzam IDP Camp), North Darfur (Update 008), IOM. 156 See Lebanon Mobility Snapshot, Round 86, IOM. UNHCR > GLOBAL TRENDS 2024 43