Chapter 4 Figure 19 | Key flows of new asylum applications registered in 2019 Peru 259,800 Venezuela 429,900 United States of America* 256,200 Afghanistan 105,600 Syria 86,200 Honduras 78,100 Niger 72,300 Guatemala 56,100 El Salvador 54,300 Iraq 53,000 Nicaragua 52,000 DRC 49,500 Germany 142,500 France 123,900 Spain 118,300 Brazil 82,500 Greece 74,900 Mexico 70,400 Costa Rica 59,200 Canada 58,400 Other 928,100 Other 719,000 *Based on the number of new affirmative asylum cases (89,500 cases; Source: US Department of Homeland Security) and the number of defensive asylum applications (166,700 individuals) (Source: US Department of Justice). Total protection rates around 60 per cent, before dropping to pre-2014 levels of below 50 per cent. Worldwide, the Total Protection Rate (TPR) – or percentage of substantive decisions that resulted in any form of international protection – was 46 per cent, up from 44 per cent the previous year.54 The TPR has fluctuated throughout the decade. It was highest between 2014 and 2016, stabilizing at Among the major source countries of asylumseekers, the TPR varied substantially in 2019. For Syrians, Congolese (DRC), Eritreans, Somalis and Venezuelans, the TPR was close to or exceeded 80 per cent, confirming the high protection needs of these populations. 54 UNHCR uses two rates to compute the proportion of refugee claims accepted. The Refugee Recognition Rate is the proportion of asylumseekers accorded refugee status out of the total number of substantive decisions (Convention status, complementary protection and rejected cases). The Total Protection Rate is the proportion of asylum-seekers accorded refugee status or a complementary form of protection by the total number of substantive decisions. Non-substantive decisions are, to the extent possible, excluded from both calculations. For the purposes of global comparability, UNHCR uses only these two rates and does not report rates calculated by national authorities. 42 UNHCR > GLOBAL TRENDS 2019