Criminal denaturalization. A review of 2017-18 cases on PACER identified 102 criminal denaturalization cases, which account for 60.71% of all cases filed under either statute. Based on information received from practitioners and historical records reviewed in researching this report, the number of criminal cases filed appears to be rising, as most cases brought for the past 50 years have been civil denaturalizations developed under the auspices of specific sections of the Department of Justice with relatively narrow institutional mandates.163 Access to information. Of the 168 cases reviewed through PACER, over 77%, including all civil cases, were either completely blocked online or contained documents that were inaccessible online. To obtain relevant records for analysis, the Justice Initiative retrieved files in-person. Denaturalization Cases Identified by the Justice Initiative, 2017-18: 2017 28 2018 45 Civil 85 57 83 38 Criminal Country of origin information Data on country of origin listed for defendants in court documents is presented below, with the Justice Initiative’s analysis of each country’s nationality and immigration laws to assess the risk that, through denaturalization, the defendant would be rendered stateless. Of the six countries most represented, four posed a significant risk of statelessness. Mexico 18 cases Haiti 12 cases Statelessness Risk 46 Pakistan 7 cases Nigeria 8 cases Possible Statelessness Risk India 17 cases Bangladesh 8 cases Low Statelessness Risk UNMAKING AMERICANS