ENDNOTES 1483 1484 1485 1486 1487 1488 1489 1490 1491 1492 1493 1494 1495 1496 1497 1498 1499 1500 1501 1502 1503 1504 1505 1506 1507 1508 1509 1510 1511 1512 1513 1514 1515 1516 1517 1518 1519 1520 326 “Identity Documents for Refugees,” Refugee Council of Australia, June 3, 2012, https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/identitydocumentation/. “Identity Documents for Refugees.” Constitution of the Republic of Fiji (2013) s 5(3). Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 6. Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 8. Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 8(3). Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 7. Constitution of the Republic of Fiji (2013) s 5(5)(d). Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 12. Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 12(2). Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 18. Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 21. Constitution of the Republic of Fiji (2013) s 5(4); Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 14. Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the combined second to fourth periodic reports of Fiji, 13 October 2014, CRC/C/FJI/CO/2-4, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx ?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FFJI%2FCO%2F2-4&Lang=en Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the combined second to fourth periodic reports of Fiji, 13 October 2014, CRC/C/FJI/CO/2-4, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx ?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FFJI%2FCO%2F2-4&Lang=en UN General Assembly, Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, p. 3, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b38f0.html. UN General Assembly, Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, p. 3, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b38f0.html. See Jane McAdam, ‘ “Under Two Jurisdictions”: Immigration, Citizenship, and Self-Governance in Cross-Border Relocation’ (2016) 34(2) Law and History 281; Jane McAdam, ‘Self-determination and Self-governance for Communities Relocated across International Borders: The Quest for Banaban Independence’ (2017) 24 International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 428; Gil Marvel P Tabucanon, ‘Social and Cultural Protection for Environmentally Displaced Populations: Banaban Minority Rights in Fiji’ (2014) 21 International Journal on Minority and Group Rights 25; Blessen Tom, ‘Banabans of Rabi – A Story of Survival’, Talanoa (13 July 2021) <https://talanoa.com.au/bearing-witness-banabans-of-rabi-a-story-of-survival/>. “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2020” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 18, 2021), https:// www.unhcr.org/statistics/unhcrstats/60b638e37/global-trends-forced-displacement-2020.html; “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2021” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 16, 2022), https://www.unhcr.org/us/ media/40152. “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2022” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 14, 2023), https://www.unhcr.org/global-trends-report-2022; “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2019” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 18, 2020), https://www.unhcr.org/flagship-reports/globaltrends/globaltrends2019/. UNHCR, 'Fiji' (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees) <www.unhcr.org/countries/fiji> Committee on the Rights of the Child, ‘Concluding Observations on the Combined Second to Fourth Periodic Reports of Fiji’ UN Doc CRC/C/FJI/CO/2–4 (13 October 2014) [26]; Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 6. Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 7. Committee on the Rights of the Child, ‘Concluding Observations on the Combined Second to Fourth Periodic Reports of Fiji’ UN Doc CRC/C/FJI/CO/2–4 (13 October 2014) [26]. Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 19. Citizenship of Fiji Decree (2009) s 6. “Data Warehouse,” UNICEF DATA, accessed November 7, 2023, https://data.unicef.org/resources/data_explorer/unicef_f/. Citizenship of Fiji Regulations (2009) s 4(b-c), 11(b-c). Births, Deaths and Marriages Registration Act (1975) s 11. Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the combined second to fourth periodic reports of Fiji, 13 October 2014, CRC/C/FJI/CO/2-4, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx ?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FFJI%2FCO%2F2-4&Lang=en UNHCR Human Rights Liaison Unit, Universal Periodic Review: THE REPUBLIC OF THE FIJI ISLANDS, March 2014, available at: https://uprdoc.ohchr.org/uprweb/downloadfile.aspx?filename=1226&file=EnglishTranslation Selahattin Selsah Pasali and Weixun Hu, 'Inequality of Opportunity in Asia and the Pacific: Assessing Birth Registration in Fiji' (Working Paper, 22 August 2023) <www.unescap.org/kp/2023/inequality-opportunity-asia-and-pacific-assessing-birthregistration-fiji> 17 Selahattin Selsah Pasali and Weixun Hu, 'Inequality of Opportunity in Asia and the Pacific: Assessing Birth Registration in Fiji' (Working Paper, 22 August 2023) <www.unescap.org/kp/2023/inequality-opportunity-asia-and-pacific-assessing-birthregistration-fiji> 17 UNHCR Human Rights Liaison Unit, Universal Periodic Review: THE REPUBLIC OF THE FIJI ISLANDS, March 2014, available at: https://uprdoc.ohchr.org/uprweb/downloadfile.aspx?filename=1226&file=EnglishTranslation The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(1). The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(1). The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(2). The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(2). STATELESSNESS ENCYCLOPEDIA ASIA PACIFIC (DETAILED VERSION) ENDNOTES 1521 1522 1523 1524 1525 1526 1527 1528 1529 1530 1531 1532 1533 1534 1535 1536 1537 1538 1539 1540 1541 1542 1543 1544 1545 1546 1547 1548 1549 1550 1551 1552 1553 1554 1555 1556 1557 1558 1559 1560 The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(1). The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(1). Citizenship Act (1979) s 6 (Kiribati). Citizenship Act (1979) s 10(2) (Kiribati). The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 26. Citizenship Act (1979) s 7(2) (Kiribati). Citizenship Amendment Act (2022) s 3(2) (Kiribati). Citizenship Amendment Act (2022) s 3(1) (Kiribati). Immigration Act (2019) s 47 (Kiribati). “Kiribati: Overview of Citizenship and Statelessness” (UNHCR, January 15, 2021), https://www.unhcr.org/au/media/unhcrfact-sheet-citizenship-and-statelessness-laws-kiribati. Citizenship Act (1979) s 7(3)(a),(c) (Kiribati). The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 24. Citizenship Act (1979) s 7(2)(h) (Kiribati). Citizenship Act (1979) s 7(9) (Kiribati). See Global Campaign for Equal Nationality Rights and Institute of Statelessness and Inclusion, ‘Joint Submission to the Human Rights Council at the 35th Session of the Universal Periodic Review’ (July 2019) 4-5 https://files.institutesi.org/ UPR35_Kiribati.pdf. Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the combined second to fourth periodic reports of Kiribati, 12 September 2022, CRC/C/KIR/CO/2-4, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/ Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FKIR%2FCO%2F2-4&Lang=en UN General Assembly, Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1577, p. 3, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b38f0.html. UN General Assembly, Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, 30 August 1961, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 989, p. 175, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b39620.html “Kiribati: Overview of Citizenship and Statelessness.” UN General Assembly, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, 18 December 1979, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 1249, p. 13, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b3970.html [accessed 30 May 2023] Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, Concluding observations on the combined initial, second and third periodic reports of Kiribati, 11 March 2020, CEDAW/C/KIR/CO/1-3, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_ layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/Download.aspx?symbolno=CEDAW%2FC%2FKIR%2FCO%2F1-3&Lang=en Rapporteur on follow-up Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, Follow up letter sent to the state party, March 2022, BN/follow-up/75/Kiribati/82, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/ Download.aspx?symbolno=INT%2FCEDAW%2FFUL%2FKIR%2F48101&Lang=en Citizenship Act (1979) s 7(3)(a),(c) (Kiribati); UN General Assembly, Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, 28 September 1954, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 360, p. 117, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b3840. html Citizenship Act (1979) s 8 (Kiribati); UN General Assembly, Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, 30 August 1961, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 989, p. 175, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b39620.html “Global Trends: Forced Displacement in 2022” (United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, June 14, 2023), https:// www.unhcr.org/global-trends-report-2022. Republic of Kiribati, '2020 Population and House: General Report and Results' (July 2021) 22, Table A-1e. Non-citizen Population by Country of Citizenship and Sex: 2020 PHC Kiribati. The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(1). The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 26. Richard Curtain and Matthew Dornan, ‘Climate Change and Migration in Kiribati, Tuvalu and Nauru’, DevPolicyBlog (15 February 2019) <https://devpolicy.org/climate-change-migration-kiribati-tuvalu-nauru-20190215/>. The Constitution of Kiribati (1979) s 25(1). Citizenship Act (1979) s 8 (Kiribati). “Kiribati: Overview of Citizenship and Statelessness.” UN General Assembly, Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, 30 August 1961, United Nations, Treaty Series, vol. 989, p. 175, available at: https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b39620.html Citizenship Act (1979) s 8(A)(4) (Kiribati). “Data Warehouse,” UNICEF DATA, accessed November 7, 2023, https://data.unicef.org/resources/data_explorer/unicef_f/. UNICEF, 'Child Protection Case Study: Partnerships Promoting High Birth Registration in Kiribati' (UNICEF’s Child Protection Programme), 2, <www.unicef.org/pacificislands/media/991/file/Case-Study-Kiribati.pdf> UNICEF, 'Child Protection Case Study: Partnerships Promoting High Birth Registration in Kiribati' (UNICEF’s Child Protection Programme), 2, <www.unicef.org/pacificislands/media/991/file/Case-Study-Kiribati.pdf> UNICEF, 'Child Protection Case Study: Partnerships Promoting High Birth Registration in Kiribati' (UNICEF’s Child Protection Programme), 2, <www.unicef.org/pacificislands/media/991/file/Case-Study-Kiribati.pdf> UNICEF, 'Child Protection Case Study: Partnerships Promoting High Birth Registration in Kiribati' (UNICEF’s Child Protection Programme), 2, <www.unicef.org/pacificislands/media/991/file/Case-Study-Kiribati.pdf> Committee on the Rights of the Child, Concluding observations on the combined second to fourth periodic reports of Kiribati, 12 September 2022, CRC/C/KIR/CO/2-4, available at: https://tbinternet.ohchr.org/_layouts/15/treatybodyexternal/ Download.aspx?symbolno=CRC%2FC%2FKIR%2FCO%2F2-4&Lang=en REPORT 2024 327