b. Amend the Citizenship of Zimbabwe Act No. 23 to reflect and implement enhanced safeguards contained in the 2013 Constitution and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness. Issue 3: Child protection Linked to 1st cycle UPR recommendation no. 93.1: “Continue its efforts to combat trafficking in persons and consider the possibility to accede to the Optional Protocol to the CRC relating to sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography and to the United Nations Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish trafficking in persons, especially women and children (Belarus)” Zimbabwe is regarded as a source, transit, and destination country for persons trafficked for the purposes of forced labour and domestic service in rural areas (either in the agricultural or mining sectors) and sexual exploitation in urban areas. UNHCR is aware that family members in Zimbabwe sometimes recruit children and other relatives from rural areas for work in cities where they are subjected to domestic servitude or other forms of forced labour. Orphans, in particular, are vulnerable to trafficking as they are promised education or adoption but are forced to work or to carry out illegal activities. Zimbabwe enacted the Trafficking in Persons Act in February 2014 through a Presidential proclamation published in Statutory Instrument number 4 of 2014. The law deals with the prohibition, prevention and prosecution of crimes of trafficking as well as the protection of victims. In the past, incidents of trafficking in the country, including the trafficking of children, were dealt with under the Children's Act, the Sexual Offences Act, the Criminal Law (Codification and Reform) Act and the Anti-Money Laundering Act. The Government of Zimbabwe has not actively promoted the best interests of the child principle outside of the family law context. Consultations with refugees have revealed that child protection remains a major challenge in refugee camps, with significant school drop-out rates, early marriages and pregnancies, transactional sex, complaints about foster care afforded to unaccompanied and separated children, and child labour. In addition, impacts of internal displacements in the past, either due to floods or associated with clearing of slums continue to affect children. In May 2005, the Government of Zimbabwe launched Operation Murambatsvina. It was a described as a programme to enforce by-laws in order to stop all forms of illegal activities such as vending, illegal structures, and illegal cultivation in the cities. According to estimates by the Secretary-General’s Special Envoy for Human Settlement, the operation resulted in an estimated 700,000 people losing their homes and/or livelihoods, with a further 2.4 million people indirectly affected by the Operation. As a consequence of the operation, children became more vulnerable to abuse. Many children dropped out of school and young girls turned to prostitution as a way of fending for themselves. In addition to operation Murambatsvina, in 2014, more than 3,000 families were displaced in Chingwizi area in South-Eastern Masvingo Province after flooding in the area. The Government was accused of forcibly resettling them in small plots of undeveloped land where they were facing hardships including a lack of adequate food, shelter, health and education facilities. The poor learning conditions and poverty affecting the camp meant that many children did not attend school. This was also high incidence of teenage pregnancy. 5