REFUGEES FROM GENERATION TO GENERATION UNHCR, APRIL 2023 to the DRC; a similar percentage (76 percent) of those born in Uganda felt most connected to Uganda. Again, the percentage was lower among those born in Rwanda, where just under half felt most connected to Rwanda. Among the refugees surveyed, 6 percent -- 84 in total -- said that they were “not sure” which country they felt most connected to. The “not sure” responses were only 1.2 percent in Uganda; 4.6 percent in DRC; and 13.7 percent in Rwanda. Access to identity documents Among adults, about 80% of the long-term refugees surveyed across all three countries had been issued a refugee identity document, even if expired: 67 percent in DRC (of which 70 percent were currently valid); 85 percent in Rwanda (of which 85 percent were valid); and over 90 percent in Uganda (of which 58 percent were valid). Refugees with a refugee card by country of asylum (%) Uganda 91.5 Rwanda 85.5 All 3 countries DRC 79.3 66.8 Very few (less than 5%) held a convention travel document to enable them to leave the country of asylum.77 Awareness of such a document was low, including among those participating in focus groups. The most important problems caused by lack of currently valid identity documents named in the survey were (in descending order) restrictions on freedom of movement, access to primary education, government services generally, health care, secondary education, food, and other services. The focus groups provided more insights into the challenges created by lack of identity documents . In DRC in particular, refugees highlighted lack of valid refugee ID documents as a problem. Those living in remote rural areas found it difficult to renew their ID documents (necessary every two years). Lack of ID documents placed refugees at risk of extortion or beatings at checkpoints run by the army or police, significantly restricting freedom of movement, and impacting livelihoods by preventing farm produce from reaching markets or other trading activities. In Rwanda, 7 percent of respondents said that they had faced difficulties through the lack of identity documents, especially in accessing government services. In focus groups, although the great majority held refugee identity cards, some long-term refugees noted problems or delays in renewing or replacing identity documents or getting incorrect details changed. In Uganda, most long-term refugees had received identity documentation at some point during their asylum in Uganda, but almost half of those interviewed had refugee IDs that had expired. Some refugees 77 The right to a Convention travel document (CTD) is provided for in Article 28 of both the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. The term refugee travel document is also commonly used. See UNHCR Master Glossary of Terms https://www.unhcr.org/glossary/. 22