Contents Stigma, scapegoating and hate crime 19 Vaccination roll out: universal? 19 Conclusions 20 6 Recommendations 22 8 1. The Right to Health 23 Acknowledgements 2 Foreword 3 Background 6 Statelessness and the Right to Health The COVID-19 health emergency Rationale for the research 10 2. Access to COVID-19 testing, treatment, and vaccines 23 Method 10 3. Immigration, nationality, international protection, and civil registration procedures 23 Results 11 4. Addressing discrimination, racism and antigypsyism 24 The nexus between statelessness and health 12 5. Health information and digital inclusion 24 Impact of COVID-19 on the health and healthcare access of stateless people 6. State aid and humanitarian response packages 24 13 Environmental determinants of health and COVID-19 14 7. Addressing the invisibility of statelessness whilst upholding the right to privacy 25 Operationalisation of public health guidance 15 8. Support for civil society 25 Health emergencies, morbidities, and mortalities of stateless people during COVID-19 9. Further research 25 15 References 26 The role of civil society and best practices in supporting the health response 16 Annex I: Methodology 30 Institutional mistrust and fear of data sharing between healthcare and immigration authorities 17 Annex II: EAG Members & Country Partners 33 Legal and immigration processes 17 Annex III: Data Collection Instruments 34 Socio-economic exclusion, and lack of access to government support packages 18 Endnotes 42 Situation assessment of statelessness, health, and COVID-19 in Europe 5