Exploring the Interface Between Birth Registration and Citizenship Determination: A Scoping Study in Seven Countries in Southern Africa 26 Forsingdal, Anette Bayer and Dianne Hubbard Birth registration and Statelessness in the Member States of SADC, 2022 41 https://www.gov.za/sites/default/files/gcis_document/201409/37373rg10135gon128.pdf 42 The new Humanitarian, Why South Africa’s undocumented Teens are dropping out of school, 7 March 2018 27 Manby, Bronwen, Refugees from generation to generation: Preventing Statelessness by advancing durable solutions in Great Lakes Region, 2023, UNHCR p. 4 43 Lawyers for Human Rights Statelessness and Citizenship in South Africa, 2014 https://www.statelesshub.org/country/sout 28 https://desapublications.un.org/publications/ guidelines-legislative-framework-civil-registration-vital-statistics-and-identity 45 People who are staying in the country without the required authorization, documentation, or legal status. 29 UNHCR Child Protection Issue Brief: Birth Registration, 2013 46 https://citizenshiprightsafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/Botswana-Citizenship-Act-no-8-of-1998.pdf 30 Implementation of the Congo Digital Acceleration project, funded by World Bank, which aims to analyze and potentially improve the legal framework for digital civil registration and ID systems in the Republic of Congo, has been delayed. Information on the project can be found at: https://projects. worldbank.org/en/projects-operations/project-detail/P175592 47 https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/ files/2024-10/22-Botswana %281%29.pdf 48 https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/ files/2024-10/22-Botswana %281%29.pdf 49 https://citizenshiprightsafrica.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Botswana-Childrens-Act-2009.pdf 31 Namibia Civil Registration and Identification Act, 2024 https://namiblii.org/akn/na/act/2024/13/ eng@2024-12-30 50 https://natlex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/ download/64254/COG-64254.pdf 32 Eswatini Civil Registration( electronic registration) Act, 2024 https://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2024/ act/27/enacted/en/html 51 https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/ Swaziland_2005 33 Malawi Marriage, Divorce and Family Relations (Amendment Act) 2025 52 https://acbc.iom.int/sites/g/files/tmzbdl441/files/ Legislation/Countries legislations/ERITREA/ESWATINI/citizenship%2C1992.pdf 34 Botswana Vital Statistics Reports https://www. statsbots.org.bw/vital-statistics 53 https://www.gov.ls/download/lesotho-constitution/?utm_source=chatgpt.com 35 https://namiblii.org/akn/na/judgment/nasc/2016/12/ eng@2016-06-23 54 https://www.refworld.org/legal/legislation/natlegbod/1971/en/74765 36 https://citizenshiprightsafrica.org/botswana-citizenship-amendment-act-23-2024/ 55 https://www.homeaffairs.gov.ls/immigration/?utm_ source=chatgpt.com 37 Statement By Hon. Machana Ronald Shamukuni Minister Of Justice Of The Republic Of Botswana On The Occasion Of The 75 Th Session Of The Executive Committee Meeting Of The United Nations High Commissioners For Refugees Programme (Excom) Geneva, Switzerland 15th October 2024, https://www.unhcr.org/sites/default/ files/2024-10/22-Botswana%20%281%29.pdf 56 https://malawilii.org/akn/mw/act/1966/28/ eng@2014-12-31 57 https://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian Constitution.pdf 58 https://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian Citizenship Act 14 of 1990.pdf 38 http://jafbase.fr/docAfrique/Botswana/Children act.pdf 59 https://namiblii.org/akn/na/act/2024/13/eng@202412-30 39 Botswana: Children’s Act of 2009 60 https://www.saflii.org/za/legis/consol_act/ saca1995271/ 40 https://citizenshiprightsafrica.org/south-africaregulations-on-the-registration-of-births-anddeaths-2014/ 30