Exploring the Interface Between Birth Registration and Citizenship Determination: A Scoping Study in Seven Countries in Southern Africa Interview Response 19. Interoperable systems Is the civil registry interoperable with the ID system? Are data shared between the two systems? How? Is a UIN/ID issued at birth registration? Does the UIN indicate citizenship? 20. Special initiatives Are there any specific initiatives to ensure inclusivity to ensure that everyone is registered and secured citizenship? 21. Birth registration practices Timely registration of birth: Please map out your country's timely birth registration procedure (notification, registration, and certification). Is the citizenship of the parents captured on the birth registration form and birth certificate? What are the documentary requirements for nationals? What are the documentary requirements for non-nationals? And refugees? What happens if the parents are undocumented? What happens if the child is abandoned? Is the child's citizenship requested on the birth registration form? Does the registrar make a citizenship determination or defer citizenship claimed by the parents? How is citizenship captured if the parents are not citizens of the host country? What happens if the parents are of dual citizenship or do not have the same citizenship? Is the citizenship of the child indicated on the birth certificate? Describe how. What is the process for registering abandoned children in the care of the state/private actors? (Is there an age cap?) If the registrar is uncertain of the child’s citizenship, what happens? Please state what the law requires that the registrar put on the birth registration record and the birth certificate (e.g., leave it blank, not issue it, etc.). In which situations do you typically reject the registration of a child? Late registration of birth: Please map out your country’s late birth registration procedure. What are the documentary requirements for nationals? What are the documentary requirements for non-nationals? What happens if the parents are undocumented? What happens if the child is abandoned? Is the citizenship of the child and the parents captured on the birth registration form? Is the citizenship of the child and parents captured in the birth registry? How? Is the citizenship of the child indicated on the birth certificate? Describe. Is the citizenship(s) of the parent(s) reflected on the birth certificate? What is the process for registering abandoned children in the care of the state/private actors? (Is there an age cap?) What is the process for registering children living on the streets or without the supervision of parents or guardians? If the registrar is uncertain of the child’s citizenship, what happens? Please state what the law requires that the registrar put on the birth registration record and birth certificate (e.g., leave it blank, not issue it, etc.). Are there any referral mechanisms in place? In which situations do you typically reject the registration of a child? Citizenship determination process What are the key reasons the country determines citizenship as part of the birth registration process? Are there any internal policies and standard operating procedures in place to provide guidance on determining citizenship? If yes, which groups does this cover? Do you provide civil registrars with training on citizenship determination? Are there clear procedures in law for challenging a determination of citizenship? What have been your key challenges with citizenship determination? 28