5. Refugee Status Determination Process: Outcome
If an applicant receives refugee status, he or she is entitled to all the rights and
obligations of Hungarian citizens.725 However, a refugee may not vote in elections
except those for “local municipality representatives and mayors, local referenda,
and public initiative,” and may not take any job or hold any public office that is
reserved exclusively for Hungarian nationals. 726 Persons granted refugee status are
entitled to social benefits, health care services and education on the same basis as
Hungarian citizens, as well as extra benefits and support specific to refugees. The
rules on integration allowances changed as of January 2014; the allocation of such
benefits depends on the potential beneficiary’s income and assets.727 Refugees are
also entitled to an identity card and a travel document.728
If an application for refugee status is denied, the asylum seeker may request a
review of the decision.729 A request for review must be submitted within eight days
of the contested decision.730 The local court which has jurisdiction will hear the claim
and make a decision within sixty days.731
Rejected asylum applicants who have entered the country illegally and who fail
to leave may be deported. There is little information available regarding Hungary’s
deportation procedures. However, research suggests that, at least prior to 2005, no
Palestinians had been deported from Hungary to the Gaza Strip or the West Bank.732
6. Protection under the Statelessness Conventions
Hungary is a party to both the 1954 Stateless Persons and 1961 Statelessness
Conventions.733 Hungary is one of the few countries in the world with a formalized
and regulated statelessness determination procedure, “including elaborate rules on
evidentiary assessment.”734
725
State of Hungary, “2007. Évi LXXX. Törvény - a Menedékjogról [Hungary’s Asylum Act of 2007] (last
Amended in 2014),” para. 10(1).
726
Ibid.
727
Office of Immigration and Nationality, “Subsidies for Refugees/beneficiraies of Subsidiary
Protection,” February 10, 2014, http://www.bmbah.hu/jomla/index.php?option=com_k2&view=i
tem&layout=item&id=425&Itemid=732&lang=en.
728
State of Hungary, “2007. Évi LXXX. Törvény - a Menedékjogról [Hungary’s Asylum Act of 2007] (last
Amended in 2014),” para. 10(3).
729
Ibid., para. 68.
730
Ibid.
731
Ibid.
732
BADIL, Closing Protection Gaps: A Handbook on Protection of Palestinian Refugees in States
Signatories to the 1951 Refugee Convention, 190.
733
UNTC, “Status of Treaties: Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons;” UNTC, “Status of
Treaties: Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness.”
734
Gyulai, “Statelessness in the EU Framework for International Protection,” 292, citing Act II of
2007 on the Admission and Right of Residence of Third-Country Nationals (2007. evi II.torveny a
harmadik orszagbeli allampolgarok beutazasarol es tartozkodasarol ), Chapter VIII; Government
Decree 114/2007. (V. 24.) on the execution of Act II of 2007 on the Admission and Right of
Residence of Third-Country Nationals (170/2001. (IX. 26.) Korm. rendelet a kulfoldiek beutazasarol
es tartozkodasarol szolo 2001. evi XXXIX. torveny vegrehajtasarol), Chapter VIII.
Survey of Protection at the National Level
149
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