1. Introduction In November 2014, UNHCR launched a Global Campaign to End Statelessness in 10 Years. The strategy for the Campaign is set out in a Global Action Plan, which contains ten actions that need to be taken to end statelessness. States are encouraged to adopt National Action Plans that include those actions necessary to end statelessness in their own national contexts. In preparation for the Campaign, the UNHCR Regional Representation for Northern Europe (UNHCR RRNE) has, over the past three years, conducted statelessness mappings in each of the eight countries in the Northern Europe region. The mapping in Lithuania has been conducted by an independent consultant, Ms. Gintarė Eidimtaitė, working under the supervision of the UNHCR Liaison Office in Lithuania and UNHCR RRNE. The methodology has comprised desk research, consultations with governmental and non-governmental stakeholders, as well as substantive interviews with 19 stateless persons residing in Lithuania. Draft versions of the mapping have also undergone an “expert vetting” by Prof.dr. Lyra Jakuleviciene, and been shared for comments with the Ministry of the Interior, the Office of the President of the Republic of Lithuania, and with the Migration Department at the Ministry of the Interior. UNHCR RRNE is very grateful for all the cooperation extended and for the valuable input, feedback and comments received throughout these consultation processes. The information gathered through the mappings of statelessness in the Northern Europe countries, consolidated in reports like the current one, is aimed at raising awareness and providing a better understanding among the stakeholders of the situation of stateless persons in the countries concerned, and the extent to which the international standards in this area are implemented in law and practice. UNHCR thus hopes that the findings and recommendations contained in the reports will contribute to the ongoing dialogue between UNHCR, the Governments concerned, civil society, and other relevant actors on what steps may need to be taken at national level in order to bring the respective countries’ national legal frameworks, practice, and institutional capacities fully in line with the international standards in the area of prevention and reduction of statelessness and the protection of stateless persons. UNHCR, moreover, hopes that the reports can serve as a starting point for the development of National Action Plans to end statelessness in each of the countries. The mapping of statelessness in Lithuania provides an overview and analysis of the numbers and basic demographic profiles of the persons who are stateless in Lithuania, and examines existing legislation and procedures governing the recognition of their status and their enjoyment of rights. The mapping highlights positive aspects of addressing statelessness, as well as current gaps and challenges, and suggests possible ways of improving the position of stateless persons in Lithuania. As the mapping was initiated in 2012, the statistics used for the analysis are generally derived from 2011 or earlier, though some of the data is more recent. Similarly, as the research was undertaken during the period when Lithuania adopted the Euro as its official currency, references are made to both the Lithuanian Litas and the Euro depending on the time the information was gathered. Where Lithuanian Litas is referred to, the Euro equivalent at the time of writing is also included. The demographic section of this report consists mainly of quantitative analysis with some qualitative elements. The quantitative analysis includes a statistical overview and analysis as well as a review of the registration methods and practices. The identification methodology, i.e. how statelessness is determined and how stateless persons are identified in Lithuania is also looked into. 8 M A P P I N G S TAT E L E S S N E S S I N L I T H UA N I A