12 1 PROTECTING STATELESS PERSONS FROM ARBITRARY DETENTION PART II LOOKING AHEAD A consensus is building not only among civil society, but also international agencies and regional institutions, that the current system of immigration detention in Europe is unsustainable, harmful, and, in many cases, unlawful. It is time for national governments to respond to these calls for change. As actions are developed, it is essential that reforms take account of the specific rights and circumstances of stateless people and those at risk of statelessness. Fair and effective procedures must be put in place to identify statelessness, guarantee protection, and assess and respond to vulnerability at all stages of immigration procedures, including during removal procedures.