Contents 01- Executive summary ................................................................................................... 05 02- Methodology of the report ................................................................................. 06 03- Introduction ............................................................................................................... 06 04- A Short history of Syria ................................................................................. 08 05- The origins of Syrian nationality ..................................................................... 08 06- A short history of Kurds ..................................................................................... 10 07- Background on the Kurds’ political status in Syria ...................................... 11 08- Ethnic-based discrimination in Syria ..................................................................... 11 09- The implementation of the census ....................................................................... 14 10- Categories resulting of the 1962 census .................................................................. 16 11- Steps preceding the 2011 Decree No. 49 granting nationality to ajan ................. 17 12- The 2011 Decree No. 49 ........................................................................................... 18 13- Statelessness in numbers, from 1962 to date ....................................................... 19 14- The naturalized Kurds and the exemption of the military service .................. 20 15- Between two decrees, 49 years of continuous agony .......................................... 21 16- Continuous Suffering despite the issuance of the 2011 Decree 49 ................... 48 17- Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 53 18- Recommendations and Proposals .................................................................................. 54

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