59 DEALING WITH SECURITY FORCES Despite a general tendency to stay away from trouble, stateless persons are subject to arrest or summoning at the hands of security forces, particularly within urban settings. 72% of stateless respondents had never been arrested nor summoned by security forces. Arrest rates seem to be higher in urban environments. In this respect, 29% of Greater Beirut and 22% of Mount Lebanon’s respondents stated that they had been in custody, corroborating previous findings from Tripoli (35% of respondents arrested) and Akkar (19%). In rural areas, disputes generally can be solved through traditional and tribal interventions, where members can turn to persons of reference — sometimes a religious figure — in the case of a dispute. Moreover, those arrested or summoned generally fit a profile that exposes them to more troubles, compared to the average rate of stateless respondents. They are usually men (83% in Greater Beirut and 79% in Mount Lebanon). Furthermore, among those who were arrested, 15% had family feuds, 13% had issues with security forces, while 9% had a history of drug abuse, compared to only 3% among the general sample. That said, the proportion of women arrested or summoned in the previous Akkar mapping was 35%, indicating a different dynamic when it comes to gender. On the other hand, a significant proportion of respondents (36%) felt they were treated differently during their interrogation and stigmatized because of their stateless condition. Proportion of women among arrested or summoned respondents Greater Beirut 17% Mount Lebanon 21% Akkar 35% Fig 20. Stateless arrest rate by governorates 35% 29% 22% 19% Greater Beirut Tripoli Urban “ Mount Lebanon Akkar Rural They don’t deal with us the way they do with someone who has an ID. - Stateless man, Jounieh © 2023 Siren Associates. All Rights Reserved.