34 FORCED SEDENTISM People of nomadic origins represent more than half the stateless individuals in Greater Beirut. Their vulnerability to statelessness was already demonstrated in Akkar (2021). Their settlement in Beirut is linked to their forced sedentism, deprivation, and the choice of informal settlements that have contested property rights. 179 STATELESS OF BEDOUIN ORIGINS Many Bedouin tribes lived a seasonal pastoral life on today’s Greater Beirut territory using lands for grazing. Modernity and cadastral delimitation forced them to find alternative ways of living. Like Kurds, many settled in Karantina, with the opportunity of working in the city’s slaughterhouse nearby, hence their toponymic surname of “Arab el Maslakh”. Displaced by sectarian unrests during the civil war, they founded a slum in Jnah’s abandoned resorts of Saint-Simon. Wealthier Bedouins moved to modern buildings in Khaldeh and Sebnay where others of their kin were already living. 47% of Beirut’s stateless population have nomadic origins 1 In contrast with Wadi Khaled in Akkar, many Bedouins of Beirut were included in the 1932 census. The rest were granted under-study cards and naturalized in 1994. Those who failed and remained stateless reside in Jnah and Khaldeh, and were identified by this survey. 2 5 4 817 STATELESS OF DOM ORIGINS Beirut and its suburbs have a long tradition in hosting Dom communities. Forced to sedentary lifestyle by modernism, most of them settled as squatters in informal settlements built on lands of contested property rights such as Horch and Hay el Gharbi, in the vicinity of Sabra and Chatila. These areas constitute the main hotspots for both Dom and stateless populations of metropolitan Beirut, as revealed throughout this research. 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Karantina Jnah Khaldeh Sebnay Hay el Gharbi and Horch © 2023 Siren Associates. All Rights Reserved.