746 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL LAW [Vol. 105:694 In this sense, emerging international norms regarding national membership show how far international law has come. Community self-definition is constitutive and foundational in the sense that it is prior to any act of the community; what states do is determined by the individuals who compose them. If citizenship practices are not immune to international legal constraint, then nothing is. Nationality law is the last bastion in the citadel of sovereignty. That is not to say that international law now delivers a comprehensive regulatory regime. States will retain important discretionary powers into the future. But no function of governance will be shielded from international law as a categorical matter, membership decisions included. This content downloaded from 82.196.111.31 on Thu, 07 Oct 2021 15:20:30 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms

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