consider the work of migrants useful for the country and society has grown from 41% (2013) to 50% (end of 2021), but the share of those who disagree with them remains very significant and amounts to 45% (Levada Center data, December 2021). The escalation of anti-Ukrainian propaganda has led to a sharp increase in hostility towards Ukraine and Ukrainians. Comparing the situation before February 2022 (the share of negative attitudes was appr. 32%-33%), after the outbreak of the war, their sharp increase to 70% is recorded (November 2022, data from the Levada Center). 23. Russia's migration policy is constantly being tightened, both at the level of strategic documents and at the level of legislation and practice. In October 2018, a new, more stringent Concept of the state Migration Policy for 2019-2025 was adopted. Anti-migrant rhetoric remains a constant part of the socio-political discourse and content of pro-government media and social networks. Statistical data is often manipulated resulting in allegations of a high level of crime among migrants, despite the fact that the proportion of crimes committed by foreigners has been stable (around 4%) relative to all crimes. 24. During the reporting period, a number of serious incidents involving migrants occurred in Russia, followed by mass anti-migrant demonstrations demanding collective responsibility of migrants and tightening of migration policy, hate crimes, police raids (for example, in Yakutsk, 2019). 25. Racial and ethnic profiling by law enforcement officials remains an unrecognized problem in Russia. Raids and roundups with the detention of dozens and hundreds of people are a common way of responding to crimes and incidents involving migrants. In all these cases, the actions of the police were supported by anti-migrant statements of the authorities. Sometimes anti-migrant raids occur for no apparent reason and are presented as "preventive measures". As a result, migrants cannot feel safe anywhere – not only in workplaces or at home, but even in mosques and leisure venues.6 VI. The disastrous impact of the war and mobilization on members of minorities 26. The "partial mobilization" announced in Russia on September 21, 2022 disproportionately affected the poorest regions of Russia, where ethnic minorities and indigenous peoples live. Activists of the Free Buryatia Foundation declare genocide, concluding that the likelihood to be killed is almost 300 times lower for a resident of Moscow than Buryats. Indigenous anti-war protests are being persecuted. Thus, the website of the Free Buryatia Foundation was blocked on July 13, 2022; the leader of the Buryat protest, Alexandra Garmazhapova, was recognized a "foreign agent" and then put on the wanted list. 27. Migrants are recruited both for contract service and for illegal armed formations Wagner. There were attempts to mobilize foreigners for regular army, although their recruiting is prohibited by the law "On the legal Status of foreign Citizens in the Russian Federation". Doing this, Russia inclines migrants to commit a criminal offense (mercenary activity). Since the beginning of the war in Ukraine, the deaths of at least 22 natives of Tajikistan and at least 6 natives of Kyrgyzstan who fought on the side of Russia have been confirmed. These were both citizens of these countries and recently naturalized citizens of the Russian Federation. 28. Mobilization has become one of the elements of the repressive policy towards Crimean Tatar people: They are cynically forced to fight against their country, their relatives and friends. During the first days of mobilization, the Crimean Tatars received about 1.5 thousand summonses.7 The mobilization provoked a wave of departure of the Crimean Tatars from the peninsula, which they call "self-deportation". VII. Discrimination related to citizenship A. Detention of stateless persons and migrants in deportation centers 29. According to the population census of 2020-21, about 95,000 stateless people live in Russia. Human rights activists estimate the number of stateless persons up to 400-500 thousand people. Russian migration legislation treats migrants with citizenship and stateless persons as a similar group, including the laws regulating expulsion/deportation. Violation of the migration regime leads to administrative proceedings that may be executed within a 2-year time limit. During this period, undocumented stateless persons might be deprived of 6 In St. Petersburg, on New Year's Eve 2023, during the festivities in the city center, about 2,000 labor migrants from Central Asia were detained as part of a "preventive raid". Subsequently court decisions on the offense were issued only against 69 foreign citizens (mostly for violation rules of entry or stay in the Russian Federation). 7 Tamila Tasheva, Representative of the President of Ukraine in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, statement, "Voice of America", 1.10.2022. 5