3. Flexibility in documentation requirements for groups less likely to be able to present certain documents – for example, accepting photocopies where original documentation has been lost or destroyed, or waiving documentation requirements and instead accepting declarations or witness statements (in Austria). 4. Specific and explicit firewalls established between immigration authorities and public services (in Switzerland). This ensures that people can access their rights to health care, civil registration and other public services, free from the fear of being subject to immigration enforcement actions in practice. 5. No statutory deadline/fine for late registration (in Poland, Portugal, Spain and Switzerland). For more information: • UNDESA, “Guidelines on the legislative framework for civil registration, vital statistics and identity management systems”, Studies in Methods, Series F, No. 123 (New York, United Nations, 2023). https://unstats.un.org/ unsd/demographic-social/Standards-andMethods/files/Handbooks/crvs/CRVS_GOLF_ Final-E.pdf. • UNHCR and UNICEF, “Background note on sex discrimination in birth registration” (Geneva and New York, UNHCR and UNICEF, 2021). https://www.refworld.org/policy/ opguidance/unhcr/2021/en/123888. • UNHCR, “Ensuring birth registration for the prevention of statelessness”, Good Practices Paper – Action 7 (Geneva, UNHCR, 2017). https://www.refworld.org/reference/ themreport/unhcr/2017/en/122586. • UNHCR, “Field survey: Birth registration” (2016). • UNHCR, “Global action plan to end statelessness 2.0” (Geneva, UNHCR, 2024). https://www.refworld.org/policy/strategy/ unhcr/2024/en/148761. • UNHCR, “Policy on child protection” (Geneva, UNHCR, 2024). https://www.refworld.org/ policy/strategy/unhcr/2024/en/147495. Also the accompanying UNHCR, “Operational guidance on child protection core programme actions” (Geneva, UNHCR, 2024). https://www.refworld.org/policy/opguidance/ unhcr/2024/en/147496. • UNICEF, “Birth registration for every child by 2030: Are we on track?” (New York, UNICEF, 2019). https://www.unicef.org/media/62981/ file/Birth-registration-for-every-child-by-2030. pdf. • UNICEF, “Birth registration”, no date. https:// www.unicef.org/protection/birth-registration (accessed 19 December 2024). Birth registration of forcibly displaced and stateless persons • United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, “Best practices and specific measures to ensure access to birth registration, particularly for those at most risk: Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights”, Human Rights Council, thirty-ninth session, A/ HRC/39/30 (10 August 2018), para. 43. https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/ g18/246/55/pdf/g1824655.pdf. • United Nations Legal Identity Expert Group, “Implementation of the United Nations legal identity agenda: United Nations country team operational guidelines” (New York, UNDP, UNDESA and UNICEF, 2020). https://unstats. un.org/legal-identity-agenda/documents/ UNCT-Guidelines.pdf. • World Bank “Principles on identification for sustainable development: Towards the digital age” (Washington, D.C., World Bank, 2022). https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/ en/213581486378184357/pdf/Principles-onIdentification-for-Sustainable-DevelopmentToward-the-Digital-Age.pdf. • World Bank 2018 “Guidelines for ID4D diagnostics” (Washington, D.C., World Bank, 2018). https://documents1.worldbank.org/ curated/en/370121518449921710/Guidelinesfor-ID4D-Diagnostics.pdf. • World Bank, “ID4D practitioner’s guide: Version 1.0” (Washington, D.C., World Bank, 2019). https://documents1.worldbank.org/ curated/en/248371559325561562/pdf/ID4DPractitioner-s-Guide.pdf. • Civil Registration and Vital Statistics Digitisation Guidebook (CRVS-DGB). http:// www.crvs-dgb.org/en/ • UNICEF CRVS Key Findings for Practitioners (New York, 2023). https://unstats.un.org/legalidentity-agenda/documents/Paper/CRVS_ Key%20Findings_for_Practitioners.pdf 23