Table of Contents
Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………….……...iv
List of Abbreviations .................................................................................................................... vii
1.
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Definitions and Scope ........................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Legislation & Policy.............................................................................................................. 3
2.
Profiles of Stateless Persons in Canada ................................................................................... 5
2.1 Permanent Residents ............................................................................................................. 6
2.1.1
Economic Stream
6
2.1.2
Non-Economic Stream
7
a.
b.
7
8
Recognized Refugees and Protected Persons
Resettled Refugees
2.2. Non-Permanent Residents .................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Temporary Residents ................................................................................................ 9
2.2.2 Stateless Asylum-Seekers ....................................................................................... 10
2.3. Non-Status Stateless Persons ............................................................................................. 10
2.3.1. Applications in Process ........................................................................................... 11
a. Humanitarian and Compassionate Applications……………………………...12
b. PRRA Applications……………………………………………………..……..13
c. Citizenship Applications……………………………………………………....13
2.3.2. Rejected Applications ............................................................................................. 14
a.
b.
c.
Failed Asylum-Seekers…………………………………………………..15
Failed Permanent Residence Applications Based on H&C Grounds……15
Failed Pre-removal Risk Assessment (PRRA) Applications…………….16
2.4.
“In Limbo” Facing Removal .......................................................................................... 16
2.5.
Second Generation Born Abroad ................................................................................... 18
2.6. Indigenous Populations .................................................................................................. 19
3. Impacts of Statelessness ............................................................................................................ 20
ii
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