safeguarded under international law per the right to resist.70 It further entails international mobilization, not only on the front of international civil society, but also by means of state and governmental interventions. 3.1. Framework’s Legal Foundations This framework finds its legal foundations in customary international law, jus cogens norms, and best practices of states, concomitantly with international human rights law (particularly international refugee law), humanitarian law, and criminal law. The proposed framework inevitably includes the laws of state responsibility, where states are under an obligation not to commit an internationally wrongful act.71 Upon the commission of such an act, international responsibility is triggered, and the state concerned is thereby under an obligation to cease the act if it is ongoing, make full reparations for the injuries caused, and offer assurances of non-repetition.72 The obligation to provide reparations for the wrongs committed is a basic rule of international law. In the Chorzów Factory case, the Permanent Court of International Justice stated that “it is a principle of international law, and even a general conception of the law, that any breach of an engagement involves an obligation to make reparation.”73 The wrongdoer state should wipe out, as far as possible, “all the consequences of the illegal act,” and re-establish “the situation which would, in all probability, have existed if 70 3070 (XXVIII). Importance of the universal real­ization of the right of peoples to selfdetermination and of the speedy granting of independence to colonial countries and peo­ples for the effective guarantee and observ­ance of human rights (30 November 1973) UNGA Res A/RES/3070(XXVIII) <https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/191219?ln=en> accessed 5 April 2023. 71 International Law Commission, Draft Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, with commentaries (November 2001) Supplement No. 10 (A/56/10), chp.IV.E.1 [hereinafter ILC, Draft Articles on State Responsibility] <http://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/ english/commentaries/9_6_2001.pdf> accessed 5 April 2023. 72 Ibid, art 28-31. 73 Factory At Chorzów (Germany v Poland), Merits Judgment, (13 September 1928) 1928 PCIJ Series A No 17, para. 102 <http://www.icj-cij.org/files/permanent-court-of-international-justice/ serie_A/A_09/28_Usine_de_Chorzow_Competence_Arret.pdf> accessed 5 April 2023. 21