Learning objectives Explain how reduction may be achieved through case•by-case, individual naturalisation and large-scale reduction campaigns. • Outline possibilities and calls for facilitated naturalisation of stateless persons under international law. • Appreciate how the lack of a nationality may render a •stateless person vulnerable under human rights law. • Discuss the content and approach, strengths and weaknesses, of the legal regime for the protection of stateless persons established under the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. Discuss how a large-scale reduction campaign may take shape and what basic considerations come into play in the design, implementation and monitoring of such a campaign. Understand how international law complements the 1954 •Convention • Identify some of the actors that are involved in tackling statelessness and discuss some of the ways in which they are contributing to a response to this issue. Recognise why human rights law is relevant to the enjoyment of rights by stateless persons and explain how universal and regional human rights standards and mechanisms can be used to promote the enjoyment of rights by stateless persons. • Readings and information sources Key readings Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. * 1954 http://www.unhcr.org/3bbb25729.pdf and UNHCR, Nationality and Statelessness. A handbook for parliamentarians, chapter 2 on “Identifying and * IPU Protecting Stateless Persons”, Geneva, 2005. http://www.unhcr.org/436774c62.pdf of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, The Rights of Non-Citizens, Geneva 2006. * Office http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Publications/noncitizensen.pdf Gyulai, Forgotten Without Reason: Protection of Non-Refugee Stateless Persons in Central Europe, chapter VI on * G. “Facilitated Access to Citizenship”, Hungarian Helsinki Committee, June 2007. http://www.unhcr.org/497099902.pdf van Waas, Nationality Matters. Statelessness under International Law, chapter XII on “Protecting the Special Needs of * L. the Stateless” (section 1 on “Naturalisation”), Intersentia, 2008. Perera, “Sri Lankan success story” in Refugees Magazine, No. 147, Issue 3, 2007. * S. http://www.unhcr.org/46d2e8dc2.html White, “Reducing de facto statelessness in Nepal” in Forced Migration Review, Issue 32, April 2009. * P. http://www.fmreview.org/FMRpdfs/FMR32/28-29.pdf Additional readings and information sources Arendt, "The Decline of the Nation-State and the End of the Rights of Man" in The origins of totalitarianism, * Hannah Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, 1948. N. Robinson, Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. Its Origin, Significance, Application and * Interpretation, Institute of Jewish Affairs, New York, 1958. Goodwin-Gill, “The rights of refugees and stateless persons” in K.P. Saksena (ed.) Human Rights Perspectives & * G. Challenges, Lancers Books, New Delhi, 1994. Tiburcio, The Human Rights of Aliens under International and Comparative Law, chapter II on “The Historical * C. Development of the Treatment of Aliens” and chapter III on “Development of the Treatment of Aliens from Diplomatic Protection to Human Rights”, Kluwer Law International, The Hague, 2001. A Guide to Teaching on Statelessness 9