This paper employs a mixed-methods approach: (1) original thematic analysis of 50+ oral history testimonies from the Roots of Arakan archive; (2) statistical analysis of humanitarian data from UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP, GAGE Bangladesh, and Human Rights Watch; (3) institutional impact data from RYU program records and MEL system; (4) comparative legal analysis of statelessness cases across six countries; and (5) analysis of 15+ international advocacy engagements (2024-2026). All eight data visualizations and nine tables include full source citations. Where data reflects the author's own analysis, this is clearly indicated. 2. Conceptual Framework 2.1 Self-Determination in International Law Self-determination is enshrined in Article 1 of both the ICCPR (1966) and ICESCR (1966): all peoples may freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. UNDRIP (2007) extends this to indigenous peoples, affirming their right to maintain distinct political, legal, economic, social, and cultural institutions (Articles 3-4). For the Rohingya, both internal and external dimensions of self-determination are denied — a complete foreclosure that is the defining analytical feature of the case (Cassese, 1995; Anaya, 2004). 2.2 The Self-Determination Continuum — Table 1 and Figure 4 Table 1 presents the Self-Determination Continuum framework assessing Rohingya rights across eight dimensions. Figure 4 renders this analysis as a radar chart for visual comparison between the benchmark of full self-determination, Rohingya status in Myanmar pre-2017, and Rohingya status in Bangladesh in 2026. Table 1: Self-Determination Continuum — Rohingya Rights Assessment (August 2026) Dimension Full Self-Determination Rohingya Myanmar (pre-2017) Rohingya Bangladesh (2026) Political Participation Voting, representation, office, governance None — no citizenship, no voting rights None — no formal political standing in host country Economic Rights Property, formal employment, financial services None — NRC required for all formal transactions None — formal employment prohibited by law Cultural Expression Language recognition, cultural institutions, heritage Severely restricted — no language rights in schools Partial — community-led only; no state support Legal Identity Citizenship documents, legal standing, court access Denied — white cards cancelled 2015 Partial — refugee registration only; limited rights Educational Access State education in own language Excluded from all state schools Non-formal only; 300K+ students at risk (2025) Freedom of Movement Unrestricted internal and international movement Permits required between townships Restricted to camp perimeter; limited exceptions Organizational Freedom Full civil society and political party rights Severely restricted by authorities Partial — constrained humanitarian environment 4