Contents Acknowledgements......................................................................................................5 Summary ....................................................................................................................7 PART ONE Background .................................................................................................9 1 Introduction, methodology, and the status of ex-Gazans .......................................... 11 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 11 Report overview ..................................................................................................................... 12 Methodology ........................................................................................................................... 14 Background and status of ex-Gazans .................................................................................... 18 PART TWO The socio-economic conditions of ex-Gazans living inside camps................. 25 2 Demography and household characteristics ............................................................. 27 Household size ....................................................................................................................... 27 Child dependency ratio .......................................................................................................... 29 Marriage .................................................................................................................................. 29 3 Income and poverty................................................................................................. 33 Income level............................................................................................................................ 33 Sources of income .................................................................................................................. 35 Wealth ..................................................................................................................................... 38 Poverty .................................................................................................................................... 39 Savings and debt .................................................................................................................... 41 4 Housing .................................................................................................................. 43 Quality of housing .................................................................................................................. 43 Crowding................................................................................................................................. 44 Improvement of conditions ................................................................................................... 45 5 Education ............................................................................................................... 47 Educational attainment ......................................................................................................... 47 Locational variation ............................................................................................................... 49 Gender and educational attainment ..................................................................................... 51 Illiteracy .................................................................................................................................. 52 Current enrolment.................................................................................................................. 53 Reasons for leaving school/non-enrolment .......................................................................... 56 6 Employment ........................................................................................................... 59 Key concepts........................................................................................................................... 59 The male labour force ............................................................................................................ 60 The female labour force ......................................................................................................... 61 Health and labour force participation ................................................................................... 62 Educational attainment and labour force participation ....................................................... 63 Unemployment....................................................................................................................... 64 Child labour ............................................................................................................................ 65 Employment characteristics .................................................................................................. 66 Finding work ........................................................................................................................... 74 ‘Just getting by’ Ex-Gazans in Jerash and other refugee camps in Jordan 3