of time,” when all available resources were urgently needed for “acceleration and dramatic expansion of service delivery.”35 “We had to develop an entire curriculum for every day of every class, then translate it, then print it,” an international NGO official said.+36 While UN agencies struggled to respond to Bangladesh’s ban on quality education for Rohingya children, the government of Bangladesh suffered virtually no public criticism for its ban from donor countries or multilateral agencies funding humanitarian education for Rohingya refugees. Large Age Ranges in Class In conjunction with its implementation of the informal education program, the humanitarian groups working in the education sector plan to select and group children in classes at learning centers based on their academic background and ability, which should help to address the problem of the large age range of children in learning center classes.137 However, the government’s 12-month delay in approving the first two levels of the informal education program raises concerns about the timeframe for the roll-out of levels 3, 4 and 5. In the interim, older or more advanced Rohingya students will continue to drop out of education due to the large age range of students in each class. Most students and instructors at learning centers who spoke to Human Rights Watch said that the age range of their classmates was large, from 5 years old to 12, and in some cases, from 4 to14 0r5 to 15 years old.*38 The large age range was a disincentive for students older than around 10 or 11, and especially for students above this age who had received some actual education in Myanmar.*39 Some instructors at learning centers with three shifts divided classes by age, with the first shift for ages 4 to 6, the second for ages 7 to 9, and the third for older children.*4° However, even using this tactic, children in the third shift class still ranged from ages 10 to 14: “This is tough. No one can concentrate,” one teacher said. Lack of Consultation with Rohingya on Myanmar Curriculum 135 UNICEF, Evaluation of UNICEF's Response to the Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh, Vol. 1, November 2018, pp. 41-42. 136 Human Rights Watch interview, international NGO official, Cox’s Bazar, February 19, 2019. 137 2019 Joint Response Plan for the Rohingya Humanitarian Emergency, January-December, p. 36. 138 Human Rights Watch interviews with instructors at learning centers, Cox’s Bazar, February 5-7, 2019. 139 Human Rights Watch interview with Mohamad Zohar, Cox’s Bazar, February 10, 2019. 140 Human Rights Watch interviews with Rohingya children, Cox’s Bazar, February 8-15, 2019. “ARE WE HUMAN?” 42

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