POLICY BRIEF > The Journey of Shona in Kenya / October 2024 Figure 5: Perceived change in household income since gaining citizenship Source: Authors’ calculation of 2024 survey data. Livelihood opportunities for the Shona community have improved significantly since gaining citizenship, particularly in terms of financial access and job prospects – as well as protection outcomes, such as reduction in harassment by law enforcement. According to the survey data, over half of the Shona community reported that citizenship has enhanced their access to banking and mobile wallet services, making it easier for them to save, invest, and manage their finances. Increased job opportunities were cited by 47 percent of respondents, reflecting how the ability to present formal identification has opened new avenues for employment and economic participation. Importantly, 46 percent of the Shona noted a reduction in harassment by law enforcement, which had previously hindered their movement and limited their economic activities. This improvement has enabled more individuals to seek employment and conduct business without fear of arbitrary detentions or fines. Figure 6: Impacts on receiving citizenship on livelihood opportunities Source: Authors’ calculation of 2024 survey data. www.unhcr.org 8