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Banal dehumanisation
by the rebels. Following the rejection of her asylum claim Anne spent the
next three years living in total destitution, much of the time sleeping
outside.
In the UK, Anne is reported to have experienced further violence. At the time of
the Still Human Still Here project, she had shelter but not security. She was
living without any legal means of subsistence.
Abbie Traylor-Smith describes Figure 5.2 as taken in a squat in Leeds, UK,
home to a number of people who had been refused asylum. Some of those
involved in the Still Human Still Here project had been professionals, activists
and journalists before leaving their homes. Now in the UK and forbidden from
working and from studying, they were stuck in a limbo. Where there was no
legal means of subsistence, some turned to sex work or theft, for example, to
cover daily needs. Some described living on the street without access to food,
some were indentified as living on £2–£3 per week. Many had significant physical and psychological scars from violence they had experienced both before and
after arriving in the UK. At the time of the project, all of them were reported to
be destitute.
In Figure 5.2 the stove is being used for cooking, but it also recalls the stove
described in Heather Johnson’s 2015 paper, which was used to efface the finger
prints of someone in such a limbo. Johnson opens the piece with a quotation:
Take a strong painkiller. Then turn the front two oven rings of your oven on
and wait until they are red hot. Then lay four fingers of your right hand on
the right oven ring and the four fingers of the left on the left ring.
Johnson describes the ‘fine lines’ of the finger prints as the borders between
those assumed eligible for rights and protection and those assumed excluded.
Both of these photographs are of mundane items. As has been shown, the experiences of those living with the items pictured can be driven by the extent to which
their individual relationships with a particular State are recognised. In this way,
they also recall the pile of belongings in Gohar Dashti’s photograph in
Figure 3.2, the use to which they can be put is affected by dehumanisation and
lack of recognition.37
When a person resides upon a territory effectively controlled by a particular
State, s/he becomes vulnerable to that State in a very basic way. It is the State’s
institutions that regulate social life and ensure that people can survive together.
It regulates, and enforces the regulation of, persons’ behaviour. This includes the
unavoidable activities of being human. And yet, the citizenism inherent in the
way we understand our institutions of justice and politics allows that some basic
37 Heather Johnson (2015) ‘These Fine Lines: Locating Noncitizenship in Political Protest in
Europe’, pp. 951–965 in Citizenship Studies 19(8). This example is taken up again in subsequent
chapters.
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