65
65
65
66
Chapter Three
70
72
74
75
76
77
81
85
86
88
88
89
92
Chapter Four
93
98
100
114
133
155
155
157
158
Chapter Five
LEGAL FRAMEWORK ON INTERNATIONAL PROTECTION AND THE SEPARATE
PROTECTION FRAMEWORK FOR DISPLACED PALESTINIANS
3.1. International Protection: Triggers and Definitions
3.2. General Framework of International Protection for Refugees
3.2.1 Human Rights Instruments and Refugee Protection
3.3. Separate Protection Framework for Palestinian Refugees: Content and Structure
3.3.1. UNCCP
3.3.2. UNRWA
3.3.3. The Resultant Protection Gap for Palestinian Refugees
3.4. General Framework of International Protection for IDPs
3.4.1. UNHCR and the Protection of IDPs
3.5. A Separate Legal Framework for Palestinian IDPs
3.5.1. 1948 IDPs: IDPs Inside 1948 Palestine
3.5.2. 1967 IDPs: IDPs in the oPt
3.5.3. The Protection Gap for Palestinian IDPs
PALESTINIAN REFUGEES IN HOST STATES AND THE INTERNATIONAL
RESPONSIBILITY
4.1. Israel: Obligations and Responsibilities Towards Palestinian Refugees and IDPs
4.2. Host State Responsibilities: Arab States and Turkey
4.2.1. Areas of UNRWA Operations
4.2.2. Areas Outside of UNRWA Operations
4.3. Host State Responsibilities: Western States
4.4. The Obligations of the International Community
4.4.1. Israel’s Unwillingness to Provide Protection and Reparations to
Palestinians
4.4.2. The International Community: Promoting Further Displacement and
Deepening Israeli Impunity
4.4.3. The International Community’s Role in Facilitating a Just Solution
164
167
170
171
174
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF PALESTINIAN YOUTH
5.1. Background and Overview on Political Participation
5.2. Available Data on Political Participation of Palestinian Youth and their Targets of
Influence
5.2.1. 1948 Palestine and the Israeli Colonial-Apartheid Regime
5.2.2. The West Bank and the Palestinian Authority
5.2.3. The Gaza Strip and Hamas
5.3. Political Participation in the Palestinian Context
5.4. Questionnaire Results
199
202
207
APPENDIX 1: Methodology
APPENDIX 2: Questionnaire
APPENDIX 3: Outcomes of the Questionnaire
162
164
iv
2.4.3. Estimates of the 1948 Palestinian Refugee Population
2.4.4. Estimates of the 1967 Palestinian Refugee Population
2.4.5. Palestinian IDPs in 1948 Palestine
2.4.6. Palestinian IDPs in the oPt since 1967