Chapter Beginning in 1963, Israel began preparations for installing a military government in order to control and colonize the remainder of Mandatory Palestine, that includes both the Jordanian-administered West Bank, including east Jerusalem, and the Egyptian-administered Gaza Strip.56 In 1967, Israel launched a surprise attack against Egypt, Jordan, and Syria, thus starting the 1967 War.57 1 1.1.4. Fourth Wave: The Six Day War of 1967 1967 Displacement (©UNRWA) By the time the 1967 War came to an end, Israel had occupied the West Bank, including east Jerusalem, the Gaza Strip, parts of the Syrian Golan Heights, the Egyptian Sinai, and villages in Jordan and Lebanon. More than one-third (400,000 to 450,000) of the Palestinian population was displaced during the war. Nearly 193,500 Palestinians were refugees of 1948 and displaced for a second time, while 240,000 were displaced from the West Bank and Gaza Strip for the first time.58 Up to 95 percent of those displaced went to Jordan, and others found refuge in Syria and Egypt. As a result of the 1967 occupation, Israel effectively controlled the entire territory of Mandatory Palestine. Since then, Israel has extended its legal, political, and military regime that combines forcible transfer, colonization, and apartheid59 throughout all of Mandatory Palestine.60 56 Tom Segev, 1967 Israel, the War, and the Year That Transformed the Middle East (Holt Paperbacks 2007), 458. Norman Finkelstein, Image and Reality of the Israel-Palestine Conflict (2nd edn, Verso 2003); Sandy Tolan, ‘Rethinking Israel’s David-and-Goliath Past’ (Salon, 4 June 2007) <http://www.salon.com/2007/06/04/six_day_war/> accessed 3 October 2022. 58 Lex Takkenberg, The Status of Palestinian Refugees in International Law (Oxford University Press,1998), 17 59 BADIL, Israel’s Forcible Transfer of Palestinian Bedouin: Forced Displacement as a Pillar of Colonialism and Apartheid (Submission to the Special Rapporteur on the Situation of Human Rights in the Palestinian Territory Occupied since 1967, BADIL 2015) <http://www.badil.org/en/publication/press-releases/60-2015/4439-pr-en-1307155-25.html> accessed 3 October 2022. 60 Virginia Tilley, Occupation, Colonialism, Apartheid? A Re-Assessment of Israel’s Practices in the Occupied Palestinian Territories under International Law (Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa 2009); Uri Davis, Apartheid Israel, Possibilities for the Struggle Within (Zed Books 2003); Report of the Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in the Palestinian territories occupied since 1967, A/HRC/4/17 (29 January 2007), 29 <https:// undocs.org/en/A/HRC/4/17>; United Against Apartheid Colonialism and Occupation: Dignity and Justice for the Palestinian People - Palestinian Civil Society Strategic Position Paper for the Durban Review Conference (BADIL 2009) <http://www.badil.org/phocadownloadpap/Badil_docs/publications/DurbanPositionPaper-09.pdf> accessed 3 October 2022. 57 11